Firuz Shah Tughluq ruled from 1351 to 1388. He was the third ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty, which was a Muslim dynasty that ruled over the Delhi Sultanate in India. Firuz Shah Tughluq ascended to the throne after the death of his cousin Muhammad bin Tughluq.

Background and Early Rule:
Firuz Shah Tughluq was born in 1309 and belonged to the Tughlaq dynasty. He was known for his administrative skills and his interest in public welfare. Firuz Shah Tughluq became the Sultan of Delhi in 1351 at the age of 42.

Administrative Reforms:
Firuz Shah Tughluq implemented several administrative reforms during his reign. He established a well-organized revenue system and introduced measures to improve agriculture and irrigation. He also constructed canals and dams to ensure a steady water supply for agricultural activities.

Public Welfare:
One of the key aspects of Firuz Shah Tughluq's reign was his focus on public welfare. He built several public works projects, including hospitals, libraries, and mosques. He also established an extensive network of public granaries to ensure food security during times of famine.

Religious Policies:
Firuz Shah Tughluq was a devout Muslim and implemented policies to promote Islam. He constructed several mosques and madrasas (Islamic educational institutions). However, he was known for his religious tolerance and respected other faiths as well.

Foreign Relations:
Firuz Shah Tughluq maintained diplomatic relations with neighboring kingdoms and empires. He sent embassies to China, Iran, and other parts of the Islamic world. He also faced military challenges from various regional powers, including the Mongols.

Later Rule and Legacy:
Towards the end of his reign, Firuz Shah Tughluq faced challenges from rebellious nobles and regional powers. His administration became weak, and the Delhi Sultanate began to decline. After his death in 1388, his successors were unable to maintain control, leading to the further disintegration of the empire.

Overall, Firuz Shah Tughluq is remembered as a ruler who focused on administrative reforms and public welfare. His efforts to improve irrigation, agriculture, and public infrastructure left a lasting impact on the Delhi Sultanate. However, his later rule was marked by challenges and the eventual decline of the Tughlaq dynasty.