The crop known as the "Golden fibre" is Jute.

Jute is a long, soft and shiny vegetable fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is one of the most affordable natural fibers and is mainly cultivated in the Indian subcontinent. Jute is often referred to as the "Golden fibre" due to its golden color and economic importance.

Geographical conditions essential for the cultivation of Jute:

1. Climate: Jute requires a warm and humid climate for its growth. It thrives in regions with a temperature range of 25-35 degrees Celsius. A minimum annual rainfall of 1500-2000 mm is necessary for proper growth and development of jute plants.

2. Soil: Jute prefers well-drained fertile soil for its cultivation. Alluvial soil found in the floodplains of rivers is considered ideal for jute cultivation. The soil should be rich in organic matter and have good water retention capacity.

Uses of Jute:

1. Textile Industry: Jute is primarily used in the textile industry for manufacturing various products such as sacks, bags, ropes, twine, and carpets. It is particularly popular for making gunny bags used for packaging agricultural commodities like grains, potatoes, and vegetables.

2. Handicrafts and Home Decor: Jute is also used for creating handicrafts and home decor items. It can be woven into mats, wall hangings, curtains, and various other decorative pieces. Jute products add a natural and eco-friendly touch to interior design.

3. Erosion Control: Jute is widely used for erosion control in areas prone to soil erosion, especially along riverbanks and slopes. Jute geotextiles are placed on the soil surface to prevent erosion by stabilizing the soil and allowing vegetation to grow.

4. Biofuel Production: Jute can be used as a raw material for biofuel production. The fibrous stalks of jute plants can be processed to extract cellulose, which can then be converted into bioethanol or biogas. This provides a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.

In conclusion, jute is known as the "Golden fibre" due to its economic significance. It requires a warm and humid climate along with well-drained fertile soil for its cultivation. Jute finds extensive use in the textile industry, handicrafts, erosion control, and biofuel production, making it a versatile and valuable crop.

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