**Introduction**

Royal water, also known as aqua regia, is a highly corrosive and powerful liquid mixture that is capable of dissolving gold and platinum. It is prepared by combining two specific acids, known as acid A and acid B. In this response, we will identify acid A and acid B and provide a detailed explanation of their properties and their role in the formation of royal water.

**Identification of Acid A and Acid B**

Acid A, which is one of the components of royal water, is concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl). Hydrochloric acid is a strong, colorless, and highly corrosive acid that is commonly used in various industrial processes. It is highly soluble in water and releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved. Due to its strong acidic nature, it can react with many substances, including metals.

Acid B, the other component of royal water, is concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). Nitric acid is also a strong acid that is commonly used in laboratories and industrial applications. It is a colorless liquid that is highly corrosive and can release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. Nitric acid is known for its oxidizing properties, which means it can facilitate the oxidation of other substances.

**Formation of Royal Water (Aqua Regia)**

When hydrochloric acid (acid A) and nitric acid (acid B) are combined in a specific ratio, they form a powerful mixture called aqua regia or royal water. The reaction between the two acids is highly exothermic, releasing heat and potentially dangerous gases. The typical ratio for mixing the acids is 3 parts of hydrochloric acid to 1 part of nitric acid.

**Properties and Reactions of Royal Water**

Royal water is a highly corrosive and fuming liquid with distinct properties. Some of the key characteristics of royal water include:

1. Dissolving Gold and Platinum: Royal water is capable of dissolving gold and platinum, which are otherwise resistant to most acids. This property is due to the oxidizing power of nitric acid, which allows it to react with the metal and form soluble metal complexes.

2. Corrosive Nature: Royal water is extremely corrosive and can react with a wide range of materials, including metals, organic compounds, and even some non-metallic substances. This property is attributed to the release of highly reactive hydrogen ions (H+) from both hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.

3. Fuming: Royal water produces dense and irritating fumes due to the evolution of nitric oxide (NO) gas during the reaction between hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. These fumes are toxic and can cause severe respiratory irritation.

4. Selectivity: Royal water is selective in its reactivity. While it can dissolve gold and platinum, it does not react with other common metals such as iron or aluminum. This selectivity is due to the formation of stable metal complexes with gold and platinum, which prevents the reaction with other metals.

In conclusion, acid A in royal water is concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl), and acid B is concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). The combination of these two acids in a specific ratio forms royal water, also known as aqua regia. Royal water is a highly corrosive and fuming liquid that can dissolve gold and platinum due to its oxidizing and reactive properties.

"A" is nitric acid with the proportion of 1 and "B" is hydrochloric acid with the proportion of 3.