(i) Primitive Subsistence Farming is practiced on small patches of land.
(ii) Only few and simple tools like hoe, digging sticks, Axe, shovel, etc. are used.
(iii) This type of farming depends upon monsoon.

(iv) It is also called 'slash and burn' agriculture in which a
patch of land is cleared by slashing the vegetation and then the slashed plants are burnt. The ash, thus obtained is mixed with the soil and crops are grown.
(v) Modern inputs like fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fungisides are also not used.
(vi) In this type of farming fertility of the soil is replenished through natural processes.

Features of Primitive Subsistence Farming:

Primitive subsistence farming is a traditional and basic form of agriculture that focuses on self-sufficiency and the production of food for the farmer's family. It is characterized by several key features:

1. Small landholding size: In primitive subsistence farming, farmers usually have small landholdings. These plots of land are often inadequate for producing surplus crops for sale or trade.

2. Low level of technology: This type of farming relies on simple and traditional farming methods. Farmers use basic tools such as hoes, sickles, and wooden plows. They also rely on manual labor, as the use of machinery is limited.

3. Traditional seed varieties: Primitive subsistence farming typically involves the cultivation of traditional seed varieties that have been passed down through generations. Farmers save seeds from their own harvests to use for the next planting season.

4. Dependence on natural resources: This type of farming heavily depends on natural resources such as rainfall, sunlight, and fertile soil. Irrigation systems and artificial fertilizers are rarely used.

5. Low productivity: Due to the limited use of modern agricultural techniques, primitive subsistence farming often has low productivity levels. The focus is primarily on meeting the immediate food needs of the family rather than generating surplus for sale.

Features of Commercial Farming:

Commercial farming is a modern agricultural practice that aims to produce crops or livestock for sale in the market. It involves large-scale production and utilizes advanced techniques to maximize productivity and profitability. The key features of commercial farming are as follows:

1. Large landholding size: Commercial farming typically involves large landholdings to maximize production and efficiency. Farmers often own or lease extensive areas of land to cultivate crops or raise livestock.

2. High level of technology: This form of farming utilizes advanced machinery, equipment, and technology to increase productivity and reduce labor requirements. Tractors, combine harvesters, and irrigation systems are commonly used.

3. Modern seed varieties: Commercial farmers often rely on modern seed varieties that are genetically modified or selectively bred to enhance yields and improve resistance to pests and diseases.

4. Intensive use of resources: Commercial farming relies heavily on artificial fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation systems to optimize crop growth and yield. It may also involve the use of advanced techniques such as hydroponics or greenhouse farming.

5. High productivity: The main objective of commercial farming is to generate surplus produce for sale in the market. Through the use of advanced techniques and technology, commercial farmers aim to maximize productivity and profitability.

In conclusion, primitive subsistence farming and commercial farming differ in terms of landholding size, level of technology, seed varieties, resource utilization, and productivity levels. While primitive subsistence farming focuses on self-sufficiency and uses traditional methods, commercial farming aims for profit and utilizes modern techniques and technology to maximize productivity.