Practice Test/Quiz or MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) with Solutions of Chapter "Transportation in Plants (Life Processes)" are available for CBSE Class 10 Science and have been compiled as per the syllabus of CBSE Class 10 ScienceQ. Water will be absorbed by root hair when :a)Concentration of solutes in the cell sap is highb)Plant is rapidly respiringc)They are separated from soil by permeable membraned)Concentration of salts in the soil is highCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Understanding Water Absorption in Roots
Water absorption in plants primarily occurs through root hairs, which are specialized structures that increase the surface area for water uptake. The process of osmosis is crucial for this function.
Key Factors Affecting Water Absorption
- Concentration Gradient: Water moves from areas of lower solute concentration (in the soil) to areas of higher solute concentration (inside the root hair cells). When the concentration of solutes in the cell sap is high, it creates a gradient that draws water into the cells through osmosis.
- Role of Solutes: The cell sap of root hairs contains various solutes, including minerals and nutrients. A high concentration of these solutes means that the osmotic pressure inside the root hairs is greater than that in the surrounding soil, encouraging water to flow inward.
Why Option A is Correct
- High Solute Concentration: When the concentration of solutes in the cell sap is high, it results in a lower water potential inside the root hairs compared to the surrounding soil. This difference causes water to be absorbed into the root hairs.
- Comparison with Other Options:
- Option B: Rapid respiration does not directly influence water absorption; instead, it may increase the need for water but does not create the necessary osmotic conditions.
- Option C: If root hairs are separated from the soil by a permeable membrane, water absorption could still occur, but it would depend on the concentration gradient.
- Option D: High concentrations of salts in the soil can lead to osmotic stress, making it more difficult for plants to absorb water.
Conclusion
Thus, the correct answer is option 'A'—water will be absorbed by root hairs when the concentration of solutes in the cell sap is high, facilitating the osmotic movement of water into the plant.

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