Explain strong and weak acids with example Related: Previous Year Questions with Solutions - Acids, Bases and Salts, Class 10, Science

Question

Explain strong and weak acids with example Related:  Previous Year Questions with Solutions - Acids, Bases and Salts, Class 10, Science

Answer

An acid contain one hydrogen molecule mix with water. Ex: A beaker takes which some amount of water (hydrogen ions combine oxygen form water) water found hydrogen before mix with SO4. SO4+H2=H2SO4. Base: Base taste as bitter. OH ions release with water. Ex: Na+OH=NaOH. Salt is a basic such as neutral. Because when we take some water and added with salt. Salt dissolve with water.

Answer

An acid which is completely ionised water and thus produce large amount of hydrogen ion is called a strong acid . For example : hydrochloric acid is completely ionised in water,so it is a strong acid
An acid which is partially ionised in water and thus produces a small amount of hydrogen ions is called a weak acid For example:acidic acid is partially ionised in water to produce only a small amount of hydrogen ions so,it is a weak acid

Answer

Strong and Weak Acids:
Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. They are classified as strong or weak acids based on the extent to which they dissociate or ionize in water.

Strong Acids:
Strong acids are highly ionized in water, meaning they almost completely dissociate into H+ ions and their corresponding anions. As a result, they are strong electrolytes and conduct electricity well. Some examples of strong acids include:

1. Hydrochloric acid (HCl): It completely dissociates into H+ ions and chloride ions (Cl-) in water.
HCl → H+ + Cl-

2. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4): It ionizes into two H+ ions and sulfate ions (SO4^2-) in water.
H2SO4 → 2H+ + SO4^2-

3. Nitric acid (HNO3): It fully dissociates into H+ ions and nitrate ions (NO3-) in water.
HNO3 → H+ + NO3-

4. Hydrobromic acid (HBr): It completely ionizes into H+ ions and bromide ions (Br-) in water.
HBr → H+ + Br-

Weak Acids:
Weak acids, on the other hand, only partially ionize in water, resulting in a low concentration of H+ ions. They are weak electrolytes and conduct electricity to a lesser extent. Examples of weak acids include:

1. Acetic acid (CH3COOH): It ionizes into H+ ions and acetate ions (CH3COO-) in water, but the ionization is incomplete.
CH3COOH ⇌ H+ + CH3COO-

2. Carbonic acid (H2CO3): It partially dissociates into H+ ions and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in water.
H2CO3 ⇌ H+ + HCO3-

3. Citric acid (C6H8O7): It undergoes partial ionization into H+ ions and citrate ions (C6H7O7-) in water.
C6H8O7 ⇌ H+ + C6H7O7-

4. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4): It ionizes into H+ ions and phosphate ions (HPO4^2-) in water, but the ionization is incomplete.
H3PO4 ⇌ H+ + HPO4^2-

In summary, strong acids completely ionize in water, producing a high concentration of H+ ions, while weak acids only partially ionize, resulting in a lower concentration of H+ ions.

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