State the two laws of refraction?

Question

Answer

1. The incident ray, refracted ray and the normal at the point of incidence lie on the same plane
2. Sin of angle I=sin of angle R(Sin I=Sin R)
This is also known as the Snell's law

Answer

1. Incident ray, normal & emergent ray are lie on the same plane & at the same point 2. for a particular relative media Sin I/sin R = constant ( this is also known as Snell's law)

Answer

Laws of Refraction

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. The laws of refraction describe the behavior of light when it crosses the boundary between two different materials. These laws are crucial in understanding various optical phenomena, such as the formation of rainbows, the working of lenses, and the behavior of light in different mediums.

First Law of Refraction (Snell's Law)

The first law of refraction, also known as Snell's law, states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence (θ₁) to the sine of the angle of refraction (θ₂) is equal to the ratio of the velocities of light in the two media (v₁ and v₂). Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

n₁ * sin(θ₁) = n₂ * sin(θ₂)

where n₁ and n₂ are the respective refractive indices of the two media.

This law suggests that the incident ray, the refracted ray, and the normal (perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence) all lie in the same plane.

Second Law of Refraction (Law of Reflection)

The second law of refraction, also known as the law of reflection, states that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal all lie in the same plane. This law is based on the principle of conservation of momentum and energy.

According to this law, when light strikes a surface and is reflected back, the angle of incidence (θᵢ) is equal to the angle of reflection (θᵣ). Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

θᵢ = θᵣ

This law holds true for both specular reflection (reflection from a smooth surface) and diffuse reflection (reflection from a rough surface).

Explanation and Significance

When light passes from one medium to another, such as air to water or vice versa, it changes direction due to the change in speed caused by the change in refractive index. The first law of refraction, Snell's law, quantifies this change and provides a mathematical relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction.

The second law of refraction, the law of reflection, helps us understand how light behaves when it encounters a reflective surface. It allows us to predict and explain the angles at which light will be reflected, whether it's from a mirror, a shiny object, or any other reflective material.

Understanding the laws of refraction is essential in fields such as optics, engineering, and physics. They guide the design and functioning of lenses, prisms, optical fibers, and many other optical devices. These laws also help explain the phenomena of dispersion, total internal reflection, and the formation of images in lenses and mirrors.

Similar Class 10 Doubts

Which is refraction of light and what r the laws of refrection?

State the Snell's law of refraction of light. Write an expression to relate refractive index from a medium with respect to light in vacuum.?

difference between reflection and refraction Related: Reflection and Laws of Reflection?

formation of rainbow Related: Laws of Reflection, Light - Reflection and Refraction, Class 10 Science?

What is reflection and refraction? Laws of reflection are refraction?

Top Courses for Class 10View all

Science Class 10

Social Studies (SST) Class 10

Mathematics (Maths) Class 10

English Grammar Advanced

English Grammar Basic

Top Courses for Class 10

Top Courses for Class 10

Related Content

About Class 10

Class 10 Study Material

Class 10 All Subjects

NCERT Textbook Solutions

Other Classes

Important Links

Company