what is chlro alkali process?with diagram Related: Physical and Chemical Properties of Acids - Acids, Bases and Salts, Class 10, Science

Question

what is chlro alkali process?with diagram Related:  Physical and Chemical Properties of Acids - Acids, Bases and Salts, Class 10, Science

Answer

NaOH is manufactured by passing electricity through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride or brine ,which decomposed to form sodium hydroxide. This is called chlor alkali process. It is formed from chlorine and alkali NaOH.

Answer

When electricity is passed through the aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) then it forms chlorine gas ,hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide

•》Chlorine gas is formed at anode

•》Hydrogen gas is formed at cathode

Answer

Process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride. It is the technology used to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide which are commodity chemicals required by industries.

Answer

When electricity is passed through the aqueous Brine ,it decomposes to form NaOH ,Chlorine and Hydrogen gas. Since these products are very useful in industrial applications. NaOH is used in industry for manufacturing many compounds such as Caustic soda.Chlorine gas  is given off at anode and Hydrogen gas at cathode.Hydrogen is used as fuel etc ..and Chlorine for water treatment... This process is known as Chloro alkali process.

Answer

Chlor Alkali Process: Production of Chlorine, Sodium Hydroxide, and Hydrogen Gas

The chlor alkali process is an industrial method used for the production of chlorine gas (Cl2), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrogen gas (H2). This process involves the electrolysis of a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, commonly known as brine.

1. Electrolysis of Brine:
The first step of the chlor alkali process is the electrolysis of brine. Brine is a solution of sodium chloride in water. It is passed through an electrolytic cell, which consists of a diaphragm or a membrane separating the cathode and anode compartments. The anode compartment contains a graphite anode, while the cathode compartment contains a steel cathode.

2. Electrochemical Reactions:
During electrolysis, the following reactions occur:

Anode Reaction:
At the anode, chloride ions (Cl-) are oxidized to chlorine gas:
2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-

Cathode Reaction:
At the cathode, water molecules (H2O) are reduced to produce hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions (OH-):
2H2O + 2e- → H2 + 2OH-

Overall Reaction:
The overall reaction during the electrolysis of brine is:
2NaCl + 2H2O → Cl2 + H2 + 2NaOH

3. Collection and Purification:
The chlorine gas produced at the anode is collected and stored in containers. It is a greenish-yellow gas with a strong odor. The hydrogen gas produced at the cathode is also collected, while the hydroxide ions combine to form sodium hydroxide, which remains in the electrolyte solution.

4. Applications:
The products obtained through the chlor alkali process have various applications:

- Chlorine gas is used in the production of PVC, water treatment, and bleach manufacturing.
- Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, is a strong base used in the production of paper, detergents, soaps, and various other chemicals.
- Hydrogen gas is used in the production of ammonia, hydrogenation of fats and oils, and as a fuel.

Conclusion:
The chlor alkali process is an important industrial method for the production of chlorine gas, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen gas. It involves the electrolysis of brine, resulting in the oxidation of chloride ions to chlorine gas at the anode and the reduction of water molecules to hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions at the cathode. The products obtained have numerous applications in various industries.

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