The energy trapped by Autotrops can't be return back to sun and so on in food chain. There in food chain energy move in progressive way at different level in food chain.

pesticides are sprayed on crops and plant and when human or animal take crop chai plant as food. It enter in food chain and when we consume it, it enter into our body.

That's all

Energy Flow in a Food Chain
Energy flow in a food chain is unidirectional because:
- Trophic Levels: Energy is transferred from producers (plants) to primary consumers (herbivores) and then to secondary and tertiary consumers (carnivores). Each level utilizes energy for growth, reproduction, and metabolism.
- Energy Loss: At each trophic level, energy is lost primarily as heat through metabolic processes. Only about 10% of the energy from one level is passed to the next, making the flow of energy one-way.
- Decomposition: Decomposers break down dead organisms, returning nutrients to the soil, but they do not recycle energy back into the food chain.
How Pesticides Enter a Food Chain
Pesticides can enter a food chain through various mechanisms:
- Application on Crops: Farmers apply pesticides to crops to control pests. These chemicals can remain on plant surfaces or be absorbed by the plants.
- Runoff: Rain or irrigation can wash pesticides into nearby waterways, leading to contamination of aquatic ecosystems.
- Soil Absorption: Pesticides can leach into the soil, affecting soil organisms and entering the food chain through soil-dwelling organisms.
Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification
- Bioaccumulation: Pesticides accumulate in the tissues of organisms over time. Small fish ingest contaminated plants or smaller organisms, leading to higher concentrations in their bodies.
- Biomagnification: As predators consume prey, the concentration of pesticides increases up the food chain. For example, a bird eating contaminated fish will accumulate even higher levels of pesticides.
Entry into Human Bodies
- Consumption of Contaminated Food: Humans consume crops or animals that have bioaccumulated pesticides, leading to direct ingestion of harmful chemicals.
- Water Contamination: Pesticides in water supplies can be ingested directly or through contaminated crops.
- Food Processing: Pesticides can remain in food even after washing or processing, posing health risks to consumers.
By understanding these pathways, we can mitigate the harmful effects of pesticides on both ecosystems and human health.