**Stipules: The Small Lateral Outgrowth of the Leaf Base**

Stipules are small, leaf-like structures that are found at the base of the leaf stalk in many plants. They are usually paired and can vary in shape, size, and appearance depending on the plant species.

**Role of Stipules:**

Stipules have various functions, including:

1. **Protection:** One of the main functions of stipules is to protect the young leaf and its axillary buds. When the leaf is in its early developmental stage, the stipules enclose and shield the delicate structures, providing protection against physical damage, herbivory, and environmental stress.

2. **Photosynthesis:** In some plants, stipules are green and contain chlorophyll, allowing them to perform photosynthesis. They contribute to the overall photosynthetic activity of the plant along with the leaves.

3. **Water Balance:** Stipules can also play a role in water balance. Some stipules have specialized structures, such as glandular hairs or scales, that help reduce water loss through transpiration by creating a microclimate around the leaf.

4. **Support:** Stipules can provide support to the leaf by partially or completely wrapping around the stem. This additional support can help the leaf withstand mechanical stress, such as wind or rain.

**Difference between Stipules and Bracts:**

Stipules are often confused with bracts, but they are different structures. Bracts are modified leaves that are usually located below or surrounding a flower or inflorescence. They can be brightly colored and serve various functions, such as attracting pollinators or protecting the reproductive structures. In contrast, stipules are found at the base of the leaf and are not directly associated with reproductive structures.

**Conclusion:**

In conclusion, the small lateral outgrowth of the leaf base that protects the young leaf and its axillary buds in the young stage is called stipules. Stipules have multiple functions, including protection, photosynthesis, water balance, and support. They are distinct from bracts, which are modified leaves associated with flowers or inflorescences.