WORKING OF DC MOTOR?

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Working principle of a DC motor. A motor is an electrical machine which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. ... When armature windings are connected to a DC supply, current sets up in the winding. Magnetic field may be provided by field winding (electromagnetism) or by using permanent magnets......

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Answer

Introduction:
A DC (Direct Current) motor is an electrical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It is widely used in various applications such as electric vehicles, robotics, industrial machinery, and more. The working principle of a DC motor involves the interaction between a magnetic field and an electric current, resulting in rotational motion.

Components of a DC Motor:
1. Armature: The armature is the rotating part of the DC motor and consists of a coil of wire wound around a core. It is connected to the power supply through the commutator.
2. Field Magnet: The field magnet is a static part of the motor and generates a magnetic field. It is typically made up of permanent magnets or electromagnets.
3. Commutator: The commutator is a cylindrical structure that provides electrical connections between the armature and the power supply, allowing the flow of current in a specific direction.
4. Brushes: Brushes are conductive contacts that maintain electrical contact with the commutator, transferring current between the power supply and the armature.

Working Principle:
1. Magnetic Field: When current flows through the field magnet, a magnetic field is created. The field magnet can be either a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
2. Armature Current: When a voltage is applied to the armature through the brushes and commutator, an electric current flows through the armature coil.
3. Interaction of Magnetic Field and Armature Current: The magnetic field generated by the field magnet interacts with the armature current, resulting in a force called the Lorentz force.
4. Rotational Motion: The Lorentz force causes the armature to rotate, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The commutator ensures that the direction of current in the armature coil changes at the right time, maintaining continuous rotation.

Types of DC Motors:
1. Separately Excited DC Motor: In this type of motor, the field magnet is supplied with a separate source of electrical power.
2. Series DC Motor: In a series motor, the field winding is connected in series with the armature winding, resulting in high starting torque but low speed.
3. Shunt DC Motor: In a shunt motor, the field winding is connected in parallel with the armature winding, providing constant speed characteristics.
4. Compound DC Motor: Compound motors have both a series and a shunt field winding, combining the advantages of both series and shunt motors.

Advantages of DC Motors:
- High starting torque
- Simple construction
- Easy speed control
- Reversibility
- Suitable for both low and high power applications

Conclusion:
DC motors play a crucial role in various industries and applications. Their working principle based on the interaction between magnetic fields and electric currents enables the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical motion. Understanding the components, working principles, and types of DC motors is essential for their efficient utilization in different fields.

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Working principles of dc motor is based on  Fleming left hand rules

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It convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.when we put rectangular coil in magnetic field and current is passed,a force acts on the coil which rotate it continuously.

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Working principle of a DC motor. A motor is an electrical machine which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. ... When armature windings are connected to a DC supply, current sets up in the winding. Magnetic field may be provided by field winding (electromagnetism) or by using permanent magnets.

Answer

Working oF DC genErator:
working of DC generator is same as the working of AC generator. but in DC generator direction of current not reVerSe after a revolution. just replace slip rIngs from the AC generator with the communtator and the ends of the coil of DC generator always be in contact with carbon brushes so that it revolve with the coil and direction of current do not reVerSe in DC genEraTor.

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