all types of receptors and their functions Related: Very Short Questions: Chapter 7 - Control & Coordination, Class 10, Science

Question

all types of receptors and their functions Related:  Very Short Questions: Chapter 7 - Control & Coordination, Class 10, Science

Answer

There are several types of receptors in the human body, including:

1. Chemoreceptors: These are receptors that detect changes in chemical concentrations in the body, such as the levels of oxygen or glucose.

2. Thermoreceptors: These receptors detect changes in temperature in the body and help regulate body temperature.

3. Mechanoreceptors: These receptors detect mechanical forces, such as pressure or stretch, in the body. They play a role in touch, hearing, and balance.

4. Photoreceptors: These receptors are found in the eyes and detect light.

5. Olfactory receptors: These receptors are found in the nose and detect different smells.

6. Gustatory receptors: These receptors are found on the tongue and in the mouth and detect different tastes.

The functions of these receptors vary, but they all play a critical role in helping the body sense and respond to changes in the environment. By detecting changes in chemical concentrations, temperature, mechanical forces, light, smells, and tastes, the body can make adjustments and maintain homeostasis.

Answer

1. photo receptor - to see objects
2. phono receptor - for listen
3. thigmo receptor- feel
4. olfactory receptor - smell
5. gustory receptor- taste

Answer

Explain the structure of a neuron.

Answer: The neuron has a cell body, which has an abundant content of cytoplasm. It also has a spherical nucleus. There are dendrites that branch out from the cell body and are short nerve cell tips. Their function is to receive information from its surrounding. There are long cylindrical structures called the axon that comes out from the cell body and it helps in transmitting information to the brain. The terminal part of the axon is known as the nerve ending. Sense organs possess dendrites. Further, the gap between two nerve cells is termed as synapse and are in charge of transferring impulses to the adjacent nerve cell.

Name different kinds of receptors.

Answer: The different kinds of receptors are gustatory, phono, olfactory, photo and thermo.

What is a reflex action?

Answer: The quick and automatic action in response to stimuli is known as a reflex action. It is sudden and is triggered by the changes in the environment. Pulling back your hand on touching a hot surface, dodging back on being attacked are all examples of reflex actions. The path involved in this reaction is known as reflex arc and has receptors, sensory neuron, central nervous system, motor neuron and effector.

Write a short note on the central nervous system.

Answer: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord, which is a long and tubular network of neurons carrying signals between the body and the brain. It receives and integrates message from all the body parts. The spinal cord is contained in the vertebral column.

Write a note on thyroxin and insulin.

Answer: Thyroxin: thyroxin hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland and uses iodine. This hormone is mainly used to regulate the content of carbohydrate, fat and protein in the body. In case there is a deficiency of this particular hormone, it leads to a disease called goitre that is characterized by an enlarged neck.

Insulin: it is secreted by the pancreas and helps in regulating blood sugar in the body. A deficiency of this hormone leads to a disease called diabetes mellitus.

Explain the kinds of movement in a plant.

Answer: There are two kinds of movements in a plant. One is dependent on growth and the other is independent of it. When plants grow in a certain direction such that this growth seems to appear as a movement, it is said to be dependent on growth. Tropism is the condition when the environment guides the movement, such that it can be towards or away from the particular stimuli. There are different kinds of tropism, phototropism (the stimuli being light and the shoot tends to bend in the direction of the light while the roots go away from it), geotropism (the stimuli being gravity such that the roots go towards gravitational force while shoots go away from it), Hydrotropism (the stimuli is water such that roots go towards water) and chemotropism (the stimuli being chemicals such that the pollen tubes go towards the ovules). Movements characterize the movements independent of growth by changes in the shape of cells. For example, the leaves respond to touch in case of the touch-me-not plant.

What are the three types of responses?

Answer: The three types of responses are

Voluntary response: they are controlled by the forebrain. Example walking.Involuntary response: they are controlled by the midbrain and the hindbrain. Example, respiration.Reflex action: they are controlled by the spinal cord.

What are the limitations of the nervous system?

Answer: there are certain limitations of the nervous system.

The impulse reaches out to only those cells and parts of the body that have a connection with the nervous tissue.The cell takes a while to restore the mechanism, while one particular impulse is transmitted. Hence, it cannot be a continuous process.There is no nervous system in plants.

Name a few important plant hormones.

Answer: Some important plant hormones are Auxin, Gibberellin, Cytokinins, and Abscisic.

Explain the function and working of the synapse.

Answer: The tiny gap between the axon of a particular neuron and the Dendron of the other neuron is termed as a synapse. It is a one-way valve and is in charge of transmitting impulse in a single direction. This takes place because chemicals are present only in one side of the neuron structure and from the axon, the impulse moves to the Dendron of the other neuron.

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