Type of Bond: Ionic Bond

Explanation:

Ionic bonds are formed between a metal and a non-metal when there is a transfer of electrons from the metal to the non-metal. In the given compound "Z", metal "X" donates electrons to non-metal "Y", resulting in the formation of an ionic bond.

Formation of Ionic Bonds:

Ionic bonds are formed through a process called electron transfer. This process occurs due to the difference in electronegativity between the metal and non-metal elements.

1. Metal "X": Metals tend to have low electronegativity, meaning they have a tendency to lose electrons and form positive ions (cations). This is because metals have fewer valence electrons, which are loosely held and can easily be donated.

2. Non-Metal "Y": Non-metals, on the other hand, have high electronegativity, meaning they have a tendency to gain electrons and form negative ions (anions). Non-metals have more valence electrons, and they have a strong attraction for additional electrons to complete their valence shell.

3. Electron Transfer: In the case of compound "Z", metal "X" transfers its valence electrons to non-metal "Y" to achieve stability. Metal "X" loses electrons and forms a positive ion (cation), while non-metal "Y" gains electrons and forms a negative ion (anion).

4. Formation of Ionic Compound: The resulting positive and negative ions are attracted to each other due to opposite charges, leading to the formation of an ionic compound. The strong electrostatic attraction between the cations and anions holds the compound together.

5. Characteristic Features of Ionic Compounds: Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points, are brittle in nature, and conduct electricity in molten or aqueous state due to the movement of ions.

In conclusion, the transfer of electrons from metal "X" to non-metal "Y" indicates the formation of an ionic bond in compound "Z". Ionic bonds are characterized by the complete transfer of electrons and the resulting attraction between oppositely charged ions.

X is Na... sodium

Y is Cl... chlorine

Z is NaCl

Bond formation is Ionic ...