The electrovalent compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons from:a)Non-Metal to Metalb)Metal to Metalc)Metal to Non-Metald)Non-metal to Non-metalCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

An electrovalent bond is formed when a metal atom transfers one or more electrons to a non metal atom and these compounds are called ionic compounds.

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Ionic compounds are also known as Electrovalent compounds ....so electrovalent compounds are formed by transfer of electron from metal to non metal...

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Metals donate electrons and become positively charged while non metals accept electron and become negatively charged, this type of of bonding is also known as ionic bond

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Electrovalent Compounds:
Electrovalent compounds, also known as ionic compounds, are formed through the transfer of electrons between atoms. These compounds are composed of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) that are held together by electrostatic forces.

Transfer of Electrons:
The transfer of electrons occurs between a metal atom and a non-metal atom. In an ionic bond, the metal atom loses one or more electrons to form a positively charged cation, while the non-metal atom gains one or more electrons to form a negatively charged anion. The transfer of electrons allows both atoms to achieve a stable electronic configuration, similar to that of a noble gas.

Metal to Non-Metal:
In the case of electrovalent compounds, the transfer of electrons occurs from a metal atom to a non-metal atom. This is because metals tend to have low ionization energies, which means they can easily lose electrons and form positive ions. On the other hand, non-metals have high electron affinities, making them more likely to gain electrons and form negative ions.

Stability of Electrovalent Compounds:
The formation of electrovalent compounds is driven by the desire of atoms to achieve a stable electronic configuration. By transferring electrons, both the metal and non-metal atoms can attain a filled valence shell or achieve an octet configuration. This stability is achieved through the formation of ionic bonds, which are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the positive and negative ions.

Examples of Electrovalent Compounds:
- Sodium chloride (NaCl): Sodium, a metal, donates its one valence electron to chlorine, a non-metal, resulting in the formation of Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions are held together by ionic bonds to form the crystal lattice of sodium chloride.
- Calcium oxide (CaO): Calcium, a metal, donates two valence electrons to oxygen, a non-metal, forming Ca2+ and O2- ions. These ions combine to form calcium oxide.

Conclusion:
Electrovalent compounds are formed through the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal. This transfer allows both atoms to achieve stability by attaining a filled valence shell or octet configuration. The resulting electrostatic forces of attraction create the ionic bonds that hold the compound together. Examples of electrovalent compounds include sodium chloride and calcium oxide.

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