The correct answer is option 'D' - Both (a) and (b).

Explanation:

a) Independent Judiciary:
One of the key features of the Indian judicial system is its independent judiciary. The judiciary in India is separate from the executive and legislative branches of government, which ensures the impartiality and fairness of the judicial process. This separation of powers is enshrined in the Constitution of India and is essential for upholding the rule of law.

The independence of the judiciary is safeguarded through several measures. Firstly, judges are appointed by the President of India in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and other senior judges. This ensures that the appointment process is free from political interference. Secondly, judges enjoy security of tenure and cannot be easily removed from office, except through a rigorous impeachment process. This protects them from external pressures and allows them to make decisions based on law and justice rather than political considerations.

Furthermore, the judiciary has the power of judicial review, which allows it to scrutinize the actions of the executive and legislative branches to ensure they are in conformity with the Constitution. This power acts as a check on the other branches of government and helps maintain the balance of power.

b) Integrated Judiciary:
The Indian judicial system also features an integrated judiciary. This means that there is a single hierarchy of courts that operates across the entire country. The Supreme Court of India is the highest court in the land and has jurisdiction over the whole country. Below the Supreme Court, there are High Courts at the state level, which have jurisdiction over their respective states. Additionally, there are subordinate courts such as district courts and lower courts that operate at the district and local levels.

This integrated structure ensures that there is a uniform interpretation and application of laws throughout the country. It promotes consistency in judicial decisions and prevents conflicting judgments from different regions. It also allows for the smooth flow of cases from lower courts to higher courts, ensuring that justice is accessible to all citizens.

In conclusion, the Indian judicial system is characterized by both an independent judiciary and an integrated judiciary. These features are crucial for upholding the rule of law, protecting the rights of citizens, and maintaining the integrity of the judicial process.

Our Constitution provide us with an independent and integrated judiciary .It is called independent as it can hear appeal against the action of high court ,it can change the death sentence if wanted and it's is called integrated as at the apex court of the country's the judicial system is the supreme court which is the head of law of land,it comprises of chief justice of India and other 25 judges.