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Which of the following are features of the Federal system?
1. Bicameralism
2. Flexibility of the Constitution
3. Independent judiciary
4. Integrated judiciary
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
  • a)
    1 and 2 only
  • b)
    1 and 3 only
  • c)
    2 and 3 only
  • d)
    3 and 4 only
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Which of the following are features ofthe Federal system?1. Bicamerali...
Option (b) is correct:
  • The Constitution of India establishes a federal system of government. It contains all the usual features of a federation, viz., two government, division of powers, written Constitution, supremacy of Constitution, rigidity of Constitution, independent judiciary and bicameralism.
  • However, the Indian Constitution also contains a large number of unitary or non- federal features, viz., a strong Centre, single Constitution, single citizenship, flexibility of Constitution, integrated judiciary, appointment of state governor by the Centre, all-India services, emergency provisions, and so on.
  • The term ‘Federation’ has nowhere been used in the Constitution. Article 1, on the other hand, describes India as a ‘Union of States’ which implies two things: one, Indian Federation is not the result of an agreement by the states; and two, no state has the right to secede from the federation.
  • Therefore, the Indian Constitution has been variously described as ‘federal in form but unitary in spirit’, ‘quasi-federal’ by K C Wheare, ‘bargaining federalism’ by Morris Jones, ‘co-operative federalism’ by Granville Austin, ‘federation with a centralising tendency’ by Ivor Jennings, and so on.
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Which of the following are features ofthe Federal system?1. Bicameralism2. Flexibility of the Constitution3. Independent judiciary4. Integrated judiciarySelect the correct answer using thecode given below:a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)3 and 4 onlyCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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