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UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Questions  >  Flyash is the environmental pollutant generat... Start Learning for Free
Flyash is the environmental pollutant generated by
  • a)
    Thermal power plant
  • b)
    Oil refinery
  • c)
    Fertilizer plant
  • d)
    Strip mining
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Flyash is the environmental pollutant generated bya)Thermal power plan...
Fly ash from thermal power plants - Waste management and overview. Energy requirements for the developing countries in particular are met from coal-based thermal power plants. ... In India, nearly 90 mt of fly ash is generated per annum at present and is largely responsible for environmental pollution.
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Community Answer
Flyash is the environmental pollutant generated bya)Thermal power plan...
Explanation:


Flyash is a residue generated from the combustion of coal in thermal power plants. It is composed of fine, glassy, spherical particles that are primarily made up of silica, alumina, iron, and calcium. Flyash is a significant environmental pollutant that can cause a wide range of health and environmental problems.

Environmental Impact:


Flyash is one of the primary sources of air and water pollution. It is classified as a hazardous waste, and its disposal is a significant environmental challenge. When flyash is disposed of improperly, it can contaminate soil, groundwater, and surface water. Flyash contains heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, and mercury, which can cause various health problems in humans and animals.

Health Impact:


When flyash is inhaled, it can cause respiratory problems such as asthma, emphysema, and bronchitis. Long-term exposure to flyash can lead to lung cancer. Flyash can also cause skin irritation, eye irritation, and other health problems.

Preventive Measures:


To prevent flyash pollution, thermal power plants must install pollution control devices like electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, and scrubbers. These devices can capture most of the flyash particles and reduce emissions significantly. Flyash can also be used in the manufacturing of cement, concrete, and other construction materials, reducing the amount of waste material that needs to be disposed of.

Conclusion:


Flyash is a significant environmental pollutant generated by thermal power plants. It can cause air and water pollution, as well as various health problems. To prevent flyash pollution, thermal power plants must install pollution control devices and find alternative uses for the waste material.
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Similar UPSC Doubts

Passage -1The law in many parts of the world increasingly restricts the discharge of agricultural slurry into watercourses. The simplest and often the most economically sound practice returns the material to the land as semisolid manure or as sprayed slurry. This dilutes its concentration in the environment to what might have occurred III a more primitive and sustainable type of agriculture and converts pollutant into fertilizer. Soil microorganisms decompose the organic components of sewage and slurry and most of the mineral nutrients become available to be absorbed again by the vegetation.The excess input of nutrients, both nitrogen and phosphorus - based, from agricultural runoff (and human sewag e) has caused many healthy oligotrophic lakes (low nutrient concentrations, low plant productivity with abundant water weeds, and clear water) to change to eutrophic condition where high nutrient inputs lead to high phytoplankton productivity (sometimes dominated by bloomforming toxic species). This makes the water turbid, eliminates large plants and, in the worst situations, leads to anoxia and fish kills; so called cultural eutrophication. Thus, important ecosystem services are lost, including the provisioning service of wild-caught fish and the cultural services associated with recreation.The process of cultural eutrophication of lakes has been understood for some time. But only recently did scientists notice huge dead zones in the oceans near river outlets, particularly those draining large catchment areas such as the Mississippi in North America and the Yangtze in China. The nutrient-enriched water flows through streams, rivers and lakes, and eventually to the estuary and ocean where the ecological impact may be huge, killing virtually all invertebrates and fish in areas up to 70,000 km2 in extent. More than 150 sea areas worldwide are now regularly starved of oxygen as a result of decomposition of algal blooms, fuelled particularly by nitrogen from agricultural runoff of fertilizers and sewage from large cities. Oceanic dead zones are typically associated withindustrialized nations and usually lie off- countries that subsidize their agriculture, encouraging farmers to increase productivity and use more fertilizer.Q.The passage refers to the conversion of pollutant to fertilizer. What is pollutant and what is fertilizer in this context?

Passage -1The law in many parts of the world increasingly restricts the discharge of agricultural slurry into watercourses. The simplest and often the most economically sound practice returns the material to the land as semisolid manure or as sprayed slurry. This dilutes its concentration in the environment to what might have occurred III a more primitive and sustainable type of agriculture and converts pollutant into fertilizer. Soil microorganisms decompose the organic components of sewage and slurry and most of the mineral nutrients become available to be absorbed again by the vegetation.The excess input of nutrients, both nitrogen and phosphorus - based, from agricultural runoff (and human sewag e) has caused many healthy oligotrophic lakes (low nutrient concentrations, low plant productivity with abundant water weeds, and clear water) to change to eutrophic condition where high nutrient inputs lead to high phytoplankton productivity (sometimes dominated by bloomforming toxic species). This makes the water turbid, eliminates large plants and, in the worst situations, leads to anoxia and fish kills; so called cultural eutrophication. Thus, important ecosystem services are lost, including the provisioning service of wild-caught fish and the cultural services associated with recreation.The process of cultural eutrophication of lakes has been understood for some time. But only recently did scientists notice huge dead zones in the oceans near river outlets, particularly those draining large catchment areas such as the Mississippi in North America and the Yangtze in China. The nutrient-enriched water flows through streams, rivers and lakes, and eventually to the estuary and ocean where the ecological impact may be huge, killing virtually all invertebrates and fish in areas up to 70,000 km2 in extent. More than 150 sea areas worldwide are now regularly starved of oxygen as a result of decomposition of algal blooms, fuelled particularly by nitrogen from agricultural runoff of fertilizers and sewage from large cities. Oceanic dead zones are typically associated withindustrialized nations and usually lie off- countries that subsidize their agriculture, encouraging farmers to increase productivity and use more fertilizer.Q.According to the passage, what are the effects of indiscriminate use of fertilizers?1. Addition of pollutants to the soil and water.2. Destruction decomposer of microorganisms in soil.3. Nutrient enrichment of water bodies.4. Creation of algal blooms.

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Flyash is the environmental pollutant generated bya)Thermal power plantb)Oil refineryc)Fertilizer plantd)Strip miningCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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