Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on the basis of :a) test cross b) dihybrid cross c) back cross d) monohybrid cross Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on the basis of :a)                                  test cross                               b)                                  dihybrid cross                               c)                                  back cross                               d)                                  monohybrid cross                               Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

The reason is simple. it was due to the monohybrid cross that Mendel could find that characters that we are not expressed in the F1 generation where expressed in the F2 generation .this could mean gametes independently contained alleles.

Answer

D is ryt
law of dominance and law of segregation or law of purity of gamete is proposed after monohybrid cross

Answer

Monohybrid cross
When Mendal had produced Tall stem(TT) cross with small stem(tt) cross of Pisum sativum he had found all Tall plants with genophyte Tt in F1generation .
when he produced self cross between Tt×Tt he had 3:1 three Tall and one small plant now he had observed that gamete of small stem t allele had not mixed with gamete of Tall stem.
In F1 generation t gene was ressesive but in F2generation it produces small stem.
so Mendal had formulated'law of purity of gamete'

Answer

B) Monohybrid Cross

Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes based on his experiments with monohybrid crosses. In a monohybrid cross, Mendel crossed pea plants that differed in only one trait, such as flower color (purple or white).

The law of purity of gametes states that when two individuals with different forms of a trait (such as purple and white flowers) are crossed, the offspring will be uniform in the first generation (F1), with only one form of the trait expressed (in this case, purple flowers).

Explanation of the Law of Purity of Gametes:

1. Mendel's Experiment:
- Mendel performed a monohybrid cross by crossing pure-breeding pea plants with purple flowers (PP) and pure-breeding plants with white flowers (pp).
- The resulting F1 generation all had purple flowers, indicating that the purple flower trait is dominant over the white flower trait.

2. Formation of Gametes:
- In the F1 generation, Mendel observed that the plants with purple flowers were not a blend of the parental traits but showed only one form of the trait.
- He hypothesized that during the formation of gametes (sex cells), the factors controlling the traits (now known as genes) segregate and remain separate.

3. Gamete Formation in F1 Generation:
- Mendel performed a self-cross of the F1 generation plants and observed the phenotypes of the resulting F2 generation.
- He found that among the purple-flowered plants, some produced only purple-flowered offspring, while others produced both purple and white flowers.

4. Law of Purity of Gametes:
- Mendel concluded that the plants producing only purple-flowered offspring in the F2 generation must have had only the purple flower factor (allele) in their gametes.
- Similarly, the plants producing both purple and white-flowered offspring must have had both the purple and white flower factors in their gametes.
- This led to the formulation of the law of purity of gametes, which states that when two individuals with different forms of a trait are crossed, the offspring will be uniform in the first generation, with each individual producing only one type of gamete for that trait.

In conclusion, Mendel's law of purity of gametes was formulated based on his experiments with monohybrid crosses, which demonstrated the segregation of traits during gamete formation. This law laid the foundation for understanding the principles of inheritance and the behavior of genes.

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