Difference between archaebacteria and eubacteria .?

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The basic difference in Eubacteria and Archaebacteria is based upon its cell wall structure and features related to DNA replication , transcription and translation machinery. Archaebacteria have ether linked membrane lipids with branched chains as compared to eubacteria.......

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Difference between Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

Cell wall composition: Archaebacteria have a unique cell wall composition that differs from eubacteria. Archaebacterial cell walls lack peptidoglycan while eubacterial cell walls are composed mainly of peptidoglycan.

Habitat: Archaebacteria are found in extreme environments, such as hot springs, volcanoes, and salt flats. Eubacteria, on the other hand, can be found in a wide range of environments, including soil, water, and even inside other organisms.

Genetic makeup: Archaebacteria have a different genetic makeup than eubacteria. Archaebacteria have unique RNA polymerases and histones, while eubacteria do not.

Morphology: Archaebacteria have a unique morphology that differs from eubacteria. Archaebacteria can be shaped like rods, cocci, or spirals, while eubacteria can be shaped like rods, cocci, spirals, or filaments.

Metabolic pathways: Archaebacteria have unique metabolic pathways that differ from eubacteria. Archaebacteria can use a wider range of energy sources, such as hydrogen gas, sulfur, and methane. Eubacteria have more limited metabolic pathways and mainly use organic compounds as energy sources.

Relationship with humans: Eubacteria can have both positive and negative effects on humans. Some eubacteria, such as the ones found in the gut, are beneficial and aid in digestion. Other eubacteria can cause disease. Archaebacteria, on the other hand, have no known negative or positive effects on humans.

In conclusion, while both archaebacteria and eubacteria are prokaryotic organisms, they have several key differences in their cell wall composition, habitat, genetic makeup, morphology, metabolic pathways, and relationship with humans. These differences are important in understanding the diversity of life on Earth and how organisms have adapted to different environments.

Answer

Size
Archaebacteria: Individual archaebacterium is 0.1-15 μm in diameter.
Eubacteria: Individual eubacterium is 0.5-5 μm in diameter.

Shape
Archaebacteria are spheres, rods, plates, spiral, flat or square-shaped.
Eubacteria are cocci, bacilli, vibrio, rods, filaments or spirochetes in shape.

Complexity
Archaebacteria are simple in their organization.
Eubacteria are more complex than archaebacteria.

Habitat
Archaebacteria are found in extreme environments.
Eubacteria are found everywhere on earth.

Cell wall
Archaebacteria: Cell wall is composed of pseudo peptidoglycans.
Eubacteria: Cell wall is composed of peptidoglycans with muramic acid.

Membrane lipids
Membrane lipids of archaebacteria is ether-linked, branched, aliphatic chains, containing D-glycerol phosphate.
Membrane lipids of eubacteria are ester-linked, straight chains of fatty acids, containing L-glycerol phosphates.

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