The diseases which are spread by sexual contact with an infected person are called sexually transmitted diseases(STD)
For Ex:Gonorrhoea,Syphilis(caused by bacteria)
AIDS(Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome)
The Prevention of pregnancy in woman is called contraception.
Any devices or chemical which prevent pregnancy in woman is called Contraceptive.

1)Barrier Method:The physical devices such as condom(male)and diaphragm(female-covering on vagina)are used.
They prevent the meeting of sperm and egg.

2)Chemical Method:The female uses 2 types of pills-oral and vagina.
Oral pills are made of specific hormones which prevent release of egg into oviduct.
Vaginal pills contain chemical which kill the sperm.

3)Intra-uterine contraceptive device(IUCD)or copper-T
The use of IUCD is placed inside the uterus.It prevents the implantation of fertilised egg in uterus.

4)Surgical method
In male a small portion of sperm duct is removed by operation and both the cut ends are tied property.This prevents sperm from coming out.(VESECTOMY)
In female a small portion of oviduct is removed.It prevent the egg from entering into oviducts.(TUBECTOMY)

I hope it's helpful for us ....

Contraception, also known as birth control or family planning, refers to the methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy. It allows individuals or couples to control the timing and frequency of pregnancies according to their own preferences and circumstances. There are various types of contraception available, each with its own benefits, effectiveness, and potential side effects. Here, we will explore the different types of contraception in detail.

1. Hormonal Methods:
- Oral Contraceptives (the Pill): These are a combination of synthetic hormones (estrogen and progestin) that prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus to inhibit sperm entry.
- Progestin-Only Pills (the Mini Pill): These contain only progestin and work mainly by thickening cervical mucus.
- Contraceptive Patch: It releases hormones through the skin to prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus.
- Contraceptive Injection: It involves receiving a progestin shot every three months.
- Hormonal Implants: These are small devices inserted under the skin that release progestin to prevent pregnancy for several years.
- Vaginal Ring: It is a flexible ring inserted into the vagina that releases hormones to prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus.

2. Barrier Methods:
- Male Condom: It is a sheath worn over the penis to prevent sperm from entering the vagina.
- Female Condom: It is a pouch inserted into the vagina to prevent sperm from reaching the cervix.
- Diaphragm: It is a dome-shaped device inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix and block sperm entry.
- Cervical Cap: It is a smaller version of the diaphragm that fits tightly over the cervix.
- Spermicide: It is a chemical substance that kills or immobilizes sperm and is often used in conjunction with barrier methods.

3. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs):
- Copper IUD: It is a small T-shaped device inserted into the uterus that releases copper, which is toxic to sperm and prevents fertilization.
- Hormonal IUD: It releases progestin to prevent ovulation and thin the lining of the uterus.

4. Permanent Methods:
- Tubal Ligation: It involves surgically blocking or sealing the fallopian tubes to prevent eggs from reaching the uterus.
- Vasectomy: It is a surgical procedure that involves cutting or blocking the vas deferens, preventing sperm from being released during ejaculation.

5. Fertility Awareness-Based Methods:
- Tracking menstrual cycles, basal body temperature, and cervical mucus to determine fertile and infertile days.
- Withdrawal method: It involves the man withdrawing his penis from the vagina before ejaculation.

6. Emergency Contraception:
- Also known as the "morning-after pill," it is used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure.

Contraception methods vary in terms of effectiveness, convenience, permanence, and potential side effects. It is important to consult healthcare professionals to determine the most suitable method based on individual needs and preferences.