The gametes contain only one gene set (haploid) because they are formed by the meiotic division. ... This is necessary as the two types of gametes fuse during sexual reproduction to form diploid (with two sets of chromosomes) zygote and thus maintaining chromosome number in the offspring.

The gametes contain only one gene set (haploid) because they are formed by the meiotic division. ... This is necessary as the two types of gametes fuse during sexual reproduction to form diploid (with two sets of chromosomes) zygote and thus maintaining chromosome number in the offspring.
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Why Each Gamete Contains Only One Gene Set

Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm and egg cells) that fuse during fertilization to form a zygote, which eventually develops into a new organism. One important characteristic of gametes is that they contain only one set of genes, as opposed to the two sets found in other cells of an organism's body. This phenomenon is known as haploidy, and it is vital for the process of sexual reproduction. Let's explore the reasons why each gamete contains only one gene set.

1. Haploid vs. Diploid Cells:
- Most cells in an organism's body are diploid, meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent.
- Gametes, however, are haploid cells, meaning they only have one set of chromosomes.
- This haploid state is crucial for sexual reproduction, as it allows for the fusion of gametes to restore the diploid state in the zygote.

2. Meiosis: Reduction Division:
- The process by which gametes are formed is called meiosis.
- Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in the creation of four haploid cells.
- During the first division (meiosis I), homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material in a process known as crossing over.
- This genetic exchange contributes to genetic diversity.
- Subsequently, the homologous chromosomes separate, resulting in two cells with half the original number of chromosomes.
- In the second division (meiosis II), the sister chromatids separate, resulting in the formation of four haploid cells, each containing one set of chromosomes.
- This reduction division ensures that each gamete receives only one gene set.

3. Genetic Variation:
- The presence of only one gene set in each gamete enables genetic variation.
- Since gametes from two different individuals are involved in sexual reproduction, the fusion of gametes with different gene sets results in offspring with a unique combination of genes.
- This genetic variation is essential for the survival and adaptation of a species to changing environments.
- It allows for the shuffling and recombination of genetic material, increasing the chances of advantageous traits being passed on to future generations.

In conclusion, each gamete contains only one gene set due to the process of meiosis, which involves reduction division. This haploid state is necessary for sexual reproduction, allowing for the fusion of gametes with different gene sets and promoting genetic diversity within a species.