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All questions of Plant Biology for Biotechnology Engineering (BT) Exam
The process of ammonification is- a)converting organic nitrogen to ammonia
- b)converting nitrite to ammonia
- c)converting nitrate to ammonia
- d)none of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The process of ammonification is
a)
converting organic nitrogen to ammonia
b)
converting nitrite to ammonia
c)
converting nitrate to ammonia
d)
none of the above
|
Isha Bose answered |
The process of converting organic nitrogen to ammonia is ammonification. It occurs during the process of decomposition of plants and animals by fungi and bacteria.
During photorespiration in plants, carbon dioxide is produced when glycine is converted to serine in- a)Chloroplast
- b)Peroxisome
- c)Mitochondria
- d)Both (b) and (c)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
During photorespiration in plants, carbon dioxide is produced when glycine is converted to serine in
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Peroxisome
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Both (b) and (c)
|
|
Sahana Roy answered |
Photorespiration in plants involves three organelles - chloroplast, peroxisome and mitochondria. Here, glycolate converts into glycine in peroxisomes and this glycine is converted into serine giving off CO2 in the process. This CO2 is produced in mitochondria.
The number of water molecules required to generate one O2 in the light reaction of photosynthesis is _______[Answer in integer]
Correct answer is '2'. Can you explain this answer?
The number of water molecules required to generate one O2 in the light reaction of photosynthesis is _______[Answer in integer]
|
Shubham Rane answered |
2H2O → 2H2 + O2
∴ 2 molecules of water given are one molecule of oxygen and 2 molecules of hydrogen.
∴ 2 molecules of water given are one molecule of oxygen and 2 molecules of hydrogen.
Which of the following is not true for CAM plants?- a)Their photorespiration rate is very low or negligible
- b)Their photorespiration rate is very high
- c)Their carbon dioxide is converted to malate which is stored in vacuoles during day time
- d)Their carbon dioxide is converted to malate and is stored in bundle-sheath cells during day time
Correct answer is option 'B,D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is not true for CAM plants?
a)
Their photorespiration rate is very low or negligible
b)
Their photorespiration rate is very high
c)
Their carbon dioxide is converted to malate which is stored in vacuoles during day time
d)
Their carbon dioxide is converted to malate and is stored in bundle-sheath cells during day time
|
|
Juhi Sen answered |
In CAM plants, since CO2 is concentrated around Rubisco, photorespiration is minimized and efficiency is maximized. CO2 collected during night is converted to malate and stored in vacuoles until it is used up in photosynthesis.
Cytochrome b structure has which centre?- a)Molybdenum
- b)Magnesium
- c)Iron
- d)Copper
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Cytochrome b structure has which centre?
a)
Molybdenum
b)
Magnesium
c)
Iron
d)
Copper
|
|
Anagha Chauhan answered |
Cytochromes are heme-containing proteins. They have Fe centres.
Number of turns of Calvin cycle required to make one molecule of glucose is __________ [Answer in integer]
Correct answer is '6'. Can you explain this answer?
Number of turns of Calvin cycle required to make one molecule of glucose is __________ [Answer in integer]
|
|
Srishti Khanna answered |
Glucose is a 6C molecule 1 C is fixed in each turn of the Calvin cycle so 6 turns are needed to make 1 glucose molecule.
The conversion of ACC to ethylene during ethylene biosynthesis is catalysed by which of the following?- a)ACC synthase
- b)ACC oxidase
- c)ACC hydrolase
- d)ACC carboxylase
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The conversion of ACC to ethylene during ethylene biosynthesis is catalysed by which of the following?
a)
ACC synthase
b)
ACC oxidase
c)
ACC hydrolase
d)
ACC carboxylase
|
|
Sahana Sharma answered |
ACC oxidase catalyses the last step in ethylene biosynthesis i.e. the conversion of ACC to ethylene in the cytosol.
In C4 plants, Calvin cycle takes place in - a)Stroma of bundle sheath chloroplasts
- b)Stroma of mesophyll chloroplasts
- c)Thylakoid membrane of bundle sheath chloroplasts
- d)Grana of bundle sheath chloroplasts
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
In C4 plants, Calvin cycle takes place in
a)
Stroma of bundle sheath chloroplasts
b)
Stroma of mesophyll chloroplasts
c)
Thylakoid membrane of bundle sheath chloroplasts
d)
Grana of bundle sheath chloroplasts
|
Pooja Choudhury answered |
In mesophyll cells, carbon dioxide is accepted by PEP and form oxaloacetic acid and further form malic acid which enters the chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells and undergoes decarboxylation yielding pyruvic acid and CO2 . It released in the stroma of bundle sheath cell to bind with RuBisCO and undergoes Calvin cycle to form glucose. So the correct option is 'stroma of bundle sheath chloroplasts'.
Gibberellins promote- a)Seed dormancy
- b)Seed germination
- c)Root elongation
- d)Fruit ripening
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Gibberellins promote
a)
Seed dormancy
b)
Seed germination
c)
Root elongation
d)
Fruit ripening
|
|
Kunal Goyal answered |
Gibberelins promote seed germination. They stimulate the production of hydrolytic enzymes such as amylases, lipases, proteases. These enzyme solubilise the reserve food material and helps in germination.
Which of the following statement is true with regard to guard cells?- a)They do not have mitochondria
- b)They have thick cell walls
- c)They are devoid of vacuoles
- d)Plasmodesmata are absent in guard cells
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statement is true with regard to guard cells?
a)
They do not have mitochondria
b)
They have thick cell walls
c)
They are devoid of vacuoles
d)
Plasmodesmata are absent in guard cells
|
|
Dipanjan Sharma answered |
Guard cells are not joined to each other by plasmodesmata.
Photo respiration occurs in which of these sites?- a)Chloroplast
- b)Mitochondria
- c)Cytoplasm
- d)Peroxisome
Correct answer is option 'A,B,C'. Can you explain this answer?
Photo respiration occurs in which of these sites?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Peroxisome
|
|
Shivam Khanna answered |
Photorespiration is the process in which the enzyme Rubisco binds to O2 instead of CO2. This reaction has 3 organelles where intermediate steps occur. These are chloroplast, mitochondria and peroxisome.
Which of the following reactions are catalysed by enzyme nitrogenase?- a)Nitrous oxide reduction
- b)Nitrgen fixation
- c)N2 production
- d)ATP hydrolytic activity
Correct answer is option 'A,B,C,D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following reactions are catalysed by enzyme nitrogenase?
a)
Nitrous oxide reduction
b)
Nitrgen fixation
c)
N2 production
d)
ATP hydrolytic activity
|
|
Om Desai answered |
Nitrogenase undertakes catalysis of all these reactions.
The number of ATP molecules required for fixing one molecule of CO2 in C4 plants is __________ [Answer in integer]
Correct answer is '5'. Can you explain this answer?
The number of ATP molecules required for fixing one molecule of CO2 in C4 plants is __________ [Answer in integer]
|
|
Palak Singh answered |
The C4 cycle which involves PEP requires 2 ATP. The C3 cycle which is common in all plants requires 3 ATP.
Therefore, total ATP required to fix one molecule of CO2 in C4 plants is 5ATPs.
Therefore, total ATP required to fix one molecule of CO2 in C4 plants is 5ATPs.
The circadian rhythms of plants and animals are maintained by which of the following?- a)Phytochromes
- b)Cryptochromes
- c)Phototropins
- d)All of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The circadian rhythms of plants and animals are maintained by which of the following?
a)
Phytochromes
b)
Cryptochromes
c)
Phototropins
d)
All of the above
|
|
Pranavi Mishra answered |
Cryptochromes are flavoproteins that are sensitive to blue light. They are present in both plants and animals and are involved in their circadian rhythms.
The number of electrons released during photolysis when 1 molecule of oxygen is evolved are__________[Answer in integer]
Correct answer is '4'. Can you explain this answer?
The number of electrons released during photolysis when 1 molecule of oxygen is evolved are__________[Answer in integer]
|
|
Akshat Saini answered |
Photolysis of water is a process of breakdown of water molecules to release hydrogen and oxygen molecules under in the influence of light during the light reaction of photosynthesis. During photolysis of water, when each water molecule is broken down, 2 hydrogen, 2 electrons and half molecule of oxygen is released, and one proton liberates one hydrogen molecule and hence two protons are also involved.
Thus, the correct answer is 
and 4 photons.'
and 4 photons.'Which of the following is incorrect with regard to active transport?
- a)Transport is against concentration gradient
- b)Transport is across the concentration gradient
- c)It is an endergonic process
- d)It is an exergonic process
Correct answer is option 'B,D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is incorrect with regard to active transport?
a)
Transport is against concentration gradient
b)
Transport is across the concentration gradient
c)
It is an endergonic process
d)
It is an exergonic process
|
|
Jaya Sen answered |
Incorrect option is Active transport takes place against concentration gradient. It is an exergonic process.
Correct explanation:
Correct explanation:
- Active transport is the movement of molecules against gradient through a cell membrane from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration. This type of movement requires ATP generated energy.
- Passive transport is the exergonic movement of substances across the membrane. In contrast, active transport is the endergonic movement of substances across the membrane that is coupled to an exergonic reaction.
Which of the following is a driving force for movement of water from soil to root during absorption of water by a plant?- a)Rate of transpiration
- b)Humidity of the atmosphere
- c)Difference in water potential between soil and root
- d)Difference in osmotic potential between soil and root
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is a driving force for movement of water from soil to root during absorption of water by a plant?
a)
Rate of transpiration
b)
Humidity of the atmosphere
c)
Difference in water potential between soil and root
d)
Difference in osmotic potential between soil and root
|
|
Vandana Gupta answered |
The osmotic potential is the amount of solute or minerals/ions, soil has more osmotic potential than roots, so ions move into the roots. To balance the solute potential, water also moves into the roots, which leads to absorption of water from soil by roots.
Which of the following is correct statement?- a)Deficiency of nitrogen causes chlorosis
- b)Sulfur is a component of amino acids thiamine and cysteine
- c)Potassium works in a plant as osmoregulator
- d)Calcium is a second messenger in various plant responses
Correct answer is option 'A,C,D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is correct statement?
a)
Deficiency of nitrogen causes chlorosis
b)
Sulfur is a component of amino acids thiamine and cysteine
c)
Potassium works in a plant as osmoregulator
d)
Calcium is a second messenger in various plant responses
|
Aamir Institute answered |
Sufur is a component of cysteine and methionine.
Transpiration is least in which of the following conditions?- a)High wind velocity
- b)Good soil moisture
- c)Dry environment
- d)High atmospheric humidity
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Transpiration is least in which of the following conditions?
a)
High wind velocity
b)
Good soil moisture
c)
Dry environment
d)
High atmospheric humidity
|
|
Srishti Kulkarni answered |
High atmospheric humidity means large amount of water vapour in the surrounding atmosphere. There would be no more space in the atmosphere to hold more water vapours. So rate of transpiration decreases.
Match the following:
- a)
- b)
- c)
- d)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Match the following:
a)
b)
c)
d)
|
|
Yash Roy answered |
Ascent of sap is the mechanism by which water travels in a plant against gravity. Assimilation means the process of absorption and digestion of nutrients by an organism. Somatic embryos are also known as artificial seeds. Asphyxiants destroy pests by causing them respiratory distress.
The movement of leaves of Mimosa pudica are due to- a)Thermonasty
- b)Hydrotropism
- c)Seismonasty
- d)Chemonasty
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The movement of leaves of Mimosa pudica are due to
a)
Thermonasty
b)
Hydrotropism
c)
Seismonasty
d)
Chemonasty
|
|
Kunal Goyal answered |
A response of a plant that causes movement independent of the direction of the stimulus is a nastic response. It is not a growth response. This type of response is reversible and can be repeated many times. Seismonasty is a nastic movement in response to shock.When the leaflets are touched, there is rapid folding of the leaflets of the sensitive plant due to changes in turgor pressure. Mimosa pudica is known as touch me not plant for this feature.
Among the Following, Which Acid is a Derivative of Carotenoids?- a)Gibberellic acid
- b)Indole butyric acid
- c)Indole-3-acetic acid
- d)Abscisic acid
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Among the Following, Which Acid is a Derivative of Carotenoids?
a)
Gibberellic acid
b)
Indole butyric acid
c)
Indole-3-acetic acid
d)
Abscisic acid
|
Vikram Kapoor answered |
Abscisic acid is also called abscism. It is a plant hormone which has carotenoid as a precursor. ABA functions in many plant developmental processes, including bud dormancy. ABA is an isoprenoid plant hormone, which is synthesized in the plastidal 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, unlike the structurally related sesquiterpenes, which are formed from the mevalonic acid-derived precursor farnesyl diphosphate, the C15 backbone of ABA is formed after cleavage of C40 carotenoids in MEP.
Chapter doubts & questions for Plant Biology - Mock Test Series of IIT JAM Biotechnology 2026 2025 is part of Biotechnology Engineering (BT) exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the Biotechnology Engineering (BT) exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for Biotechnology Engineering (BT) 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.
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Mock Test Series of IIT JAM Biotechnology 2026
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