All questions of Theme 1 - Bricks, Beads and Bones for Humanities/Arts Exam

Context of the Found Bathroom in a Citadel

The correct option is D, which means the context in which the bathroom was found is a Citadel. A Citadel is a fortress that is typically built on high ground for defense purposes. Here are some details about the context of the found bathroom:

Definition of a Citadel
A Citadel is a fortress or stronghold that provides protection to a city or town. It is usually built on high ground to give a strategic advantage in case of an attack.

Purpose of a Citadel
The primary purpose of a Citadel is to provide a safe haven for the inhabitants of a city or town. It is designed to withstand attacks from enemies and keep the people inside safe.

Features of a Citadel
A Citadel typically has thick walls, watchtowers, and gates that are designed to keep intruders out. It may also have a moat, a drawbridge, and other defensive features. A Citadel may also have residential quarters, storage facilities, and other amenities to support the people living inside.

Bathroom in a Citadel
The fact that a bathroom was found in a Citadel suggests that even in times of war, people needed basic amenities like sanitation. The bathroom may have been used by soldiers or civilians living in the Citadel. It is also possible that the bathroom was added later, during a time of peace, as an improvement to the living conditions inside the Citadel.

Conclusion
The context in which the bathroom was found is a Citadel, which is a fortress built for defense purposes. The presence of a bathroom in the Citadel suggests that even in times of war, people needed basic amenities like sanitation.

I'm sorry, I cannot provide an answer without knowing the context or question. Please provide more information.

Ending is आ so it is स्त्रीलिंग

Correct answer is jewellery because in ancient time they believe that it goes to afterlife with you

Harappan Subsistence Strategies
The Harappan civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, employed various subsistence strategies that contributed to their agricultural and economic development. Let's analyze the statements provided.
i. Agriculture: Wheat, Barley, and Lentils
- The Harappans indeed practiced agriculture, cultivating crops such as wheat, barley, and lentils. These grains formed the staple of their diet and were vital for trade and sustenance.
ii. Rice Cultivation
- While rice was cultivated in some parts of ancient India, it was not a predominant crop in Harappan sites. Evidence suggests that they primarily focused on wheat and barley, making this statement inaccurate for the Harappan context.
iii. Domestication of Animals
- The Harappans domesticated various animals, including cattle, sheep, and goats. This practice played a crucial role in their economy, providing meat, milk, and labor.
iv. Fishing and Hunting
- Fishing and hunting were also part of the Harappan diet. Archaeological evidence indicates that they exploited river systems for fishing and hunted wild animals, contributing diversity to their food sources.
Conclusion
Given the analysis:
- Statement i is correct.
- Statement ii is incorrect.
- Statement iii is correct.
- Statement iv is correct.
Thus, the correct combination of subsistence strategies adopted by the Harappans is option 'D': i, iii, and iv. The Harappans were agriculturalists who cultivated specific crops, domesticated animals, and engaged in fishing and hunting, reflecting a diversified subsistence strategy.

Overview of Mohenjodaro's Drainage System
Mohenjodaro, an ancient city of the Indus Valley Civilization, is renowned for its advanced urban planning, particularly its sophisticated drainage system.
Key Features of the Drainage System
- Grid Pattern Streets:
The streets in Mohenjodaro were laid out in a grid pattern, facilitating organized movement and efficient drainage. This design is indicative of a well-thought-out urban planning strategy.
- Drains in Connection with Houses:
Each house in Mohenjodaro had drains that connected to the main street drains. This connection allowed for effective waste disposal and ensured that the streets remained clean.
Misconceptions about Drainage Construction
- Drainage Built After Houses:
Contrary to option ii, the drainage systems were not constructed after the houses were built. Instead, they were integrated into the urban planning from the beginning.
- Lack of Drainage System:
Option iv is also incorrect. Mohenjodaro is celebrated for its well-designed drainage system, which was advanced for its time and demonstrates the city's sophistication.
Conclusion
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'A' because:
- Statement i is true: Streets were laid out in a grid pattern with drains.
- Statement iii is also true: Each house had drains connected to street drains.
Mohenjodaro’s drainage system exemplifies the ingenuity of its civilization, showcasing their commitment to sanitation and urban planning.

Nickel

Routes along the Indus and its tributaries, as well as coastal routes, were probably used for transportation and trade purposes. Among the four given options, the riverine route was the most likely to be used. Let's discuss why.

Riverine Routes:
Riverine routes refer to the transportation and trade routes that take place through rivers. The Indus River and its tributaries have been used for trade and transportation for thousands of years. During the Indus Valley Civilization, the river was a major source of transportation for goods and people. The river was used for carrying goods like textiles, pottery, and food items from one place to another. The riverine route was also used for trade with neighboring countries like Mesopotamia and Iran.

Estuarine Routes:
Estuarine routes refer to the transportation and trade routes that take place through estuaries. Estuaries are the areas where the river meets the sea. Although the Indus River has an estuary, it is not navigable due to the presence of sandbars and shallows. Therefore, estuarine routes were not used for transportation and trade.

Floodplain Routes:
Floodplain routes refer to the transportation and trade routes that take place through the floodplains of rivers. The Indus River has a vast floodplain, but it is not suitable for transportation and trade as it is prone to flooding and the water levels keep changing.

Riparian Routes:
Riparian routes refer to the transportation and trade routes that take place through the banks of the river. The Indus River has a vast riparian zone, which was used for agriculture and grazing. However, riparian routes were not suitable for transportation and trade as they were not navigable.

Coastal Routes:
Coastal routes refer to the transportation and trade routes that take place along the coast. The coastal route along the Arabian Sea was used for trade, but it was not as significant as the riverine route.

In conclusion, the riverine route along the Indus and its tributaries was the most likely to be used for transportation and trade purposes.

Several archeological cultures existed in the region before mature harrapan .
Option b is the correct answer