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All questions of Contemporary World Politics for Humanities/Arts Exam

What became the main arena of conflict between the superpowers?
  • a)
    Asia
  • b)
    South Africa
  • c)
    Europe
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Because of the conflict between two superpowers the whole Europe divided into two alliance, and prozy wars used happened in Europe to retaliate the actual hot war.I hope you got the correct explaination.
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What country was an ally of the soviet union?
  • a)
    Italy
  • b)
    France
  • c)
    Germany
  • d)
    Cuba
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Srestha Raj answered
Yes Cuba is the country which was an ally of Soviet union it was totally dependent on USSR for its Financial and military aid

Which region led to shortages in all consumer goods?
  • a)
    North
  • b)
    East
  • c)
    South
  • d)
    West
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Debolina Ahuja answered
Shortages in Consumer Goods in the West Region

The West region of the country experienced shortages in all consumer goods during the early 20th century. The reasons behind this shortage are as follows:

1. Limited manufacturing capabilities: The West region had limited manufacturing capabilities, which made it difficult to produce enough consumer goods to meet the demand.

2. High demand: The West region had a high demand for consumer goods due to its population growth and economic development. However, the limited manufacturing capabilities meant that the supply could not keep up with the demand.

3. Transportation difficulties: The West region had limited transportation infrastructure, which made it difficult to transport goods from other regions.

4. Natural disasters: The West region was prone to natural disasters such as droughts and floods, which could disrupt the production and transportation of consumer goods.

5. Economic depression: The Great Depression of the 1930s had a severe impact on the West region's economy, which further worsened the shortage of consumer goods.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the West region's shortage of consumer goods was due to limited manufacturing capabilities, high demand, transportation difficulties, natural disasters, and economic depression. These factors combined to create a challenging environment for the production and distribution of consumer goods in the region.

Smog is a combination of
  • a)
    air and water vapours.
  • b)
    water and smoke.
  • c)
    fire and water.
  • d)
    smoke and fog.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Originally the term ‘smog’ meant a combination of smoke and fog but it is recently referred to a combination of fine particulate matter and ground level ozone.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
ASEAN was established in 1967 by five countries of this region — Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand — by signing the Bangkok Declaration. The objectives of ASEAN were primarily to accelerate economic growth and through that ‘social progress and cultural development’. A secondary objective was to promote regional peace and stability based on the rule of law and the principles of the United Nations Charter. Over the years, Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Lao PDR, Myanmar (Burma) and Cambodia joined ASEAN taking its strength to ten. With some of the fastest growing economies in the world, ASEAN broadened its objectives beyond the economic and social spheres. In 2003, ASEAN moved along the path of the EU by agreeing to establish an ASEAN Community comprising three pillars, namely, the ASEAN Security Community, the ASEAN Economic Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community. The ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), which was established in 1994, is the organisation that carries out coordination of security and foreign policy.
Q. In 1967, when AESAN was established, which countries were its members?
  • a)
    Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand
  • b)
    Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand
  • c)
    Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei and Vietnam
  • d)
    Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Mehta answered
ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok by the five original member countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand 

The Berlin wall fall in _________.
  • a)
    November 1989
  • b)
    December 1989
  • c)
    January 1990
  • d)
    February 1990
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The Berlin wall which was built at the time of the Cold war, was toppled by the German people in 1989 and ultimately East and West Germay became unified.

The multinational company Western Mining Corporation (WMC) belongs to
  • a)
    USA.
  • b)
    Australia.
  • c)
    UK.
  • d)
    New Zealand.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Prerna Nair answered
The Western Mining Corporation is the Australian holding company for a diversified group of mining enterprises operating throughout the world.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The Western alliance was formalized into an organization, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which came into existence in April 1949. It was an association of twelve states which declared that armed attack on any one of them in Europe or North America would be regarded as an attack on all of them. Each of these states would be obliged to help the other. The eastern alliance, known as the Warsaw Pact, was led by the Soviet Union. It was created in 1955 and its principal function was to counter NATO’s forces in Europe. International alliances during the Cold War era were determined by the requirements of the superpowers and the calculations of the smaller states. As noted above, Europe became the main arena of conflict between the superpowers. In some cases, the superpowers used their military power to bring countries into their respective alliances. Soviet intervention in east Europe provides an example. The Soviet Union used its influence in eastern Europe, backed by the very large presence of its armies in the countries of the region, to ensure that the eastern half of Europe remained within its sphere of influence. In East and Southeast Asia and in West Asia (Middle East), the United States built an alliance system called — the Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) and the Central Treaty Organization 1 (CENTO). The Soviet Union and communist China responded by having close relations with regional countries such as North Vietnam, North Korea and Iraq.
Q. When Warsaw Pact was created?
  • a)
    1955
  • b)
    1957
  • c)
    1954
  • d)
    1956
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajesh Gupta answered
The Warsaw Pact was created in reaction to the integration of West Germany into NATO in 1955 per the London and Paris Conferences of 1954. The Warsaw Pact was established as a balance of power or counterweight to NATO.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
Under the Marshall Plan, the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) was established in 1948 to channel aid to the west European states. It became a forum where the western European states began to cooperate on trade and economic issues. The Council of Europe, established in 1949, was another step forward in political cooperation. The process of economic integration of European capitalist countries proceeded step by step (see Time-line of European Integration) leading to the formation of the European Economic Community in 1957. This process acquired a political dimension with the creation of the European Parliament. The collapse of the Soviet bloc put Europe on a fast track and resulted in the establishment of the European Union in 1992. The foundation was thus laid for a common foreign and security policy, cooperation on justice and home affairs, and the creation of a single currency. The European Union has evolved over time from an economic union to an increasingly political one. The EU has started to act more as a nation state. While the attempts to have a Constitution for the EU have failed, it has its own flag, anthem, founding date, and currency. The EU has economic, political and diplomatic, and military influence. The EU is the world’s second biggest economy with a GDP of more than $17 trillion in 2016, next to that of the United States of America. Its currency, the euro, can pose a threat to the dominance of the US dollar. Its share of world trade is much larger than that of the United States allowing it to be more assertive in trade disputes with the US and China. Its economic power gives it influence over its closest neighbours as well as in Asia and Africa.
Q. What was the GDP of European Union in 2016?
  • a)
    $17.5 trillion
  • b)
    $18 trillion
  • c)
    $17.3 trillion
  • d)
    $17 trillion
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Muskan Yadav answered
GDP of European union was 17 trillion dollar in 2016.it Is the union of European countries.the country members of European union are mostly developed and have a stable economy.

When was the first non-aligned summit held?
  • a)
    1957
  • b)
    1961
  • c)
    1964
  • d)
    1958
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Mainak Goyal answered
The First Non-Aligned Summit Held in 1961

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was founded in 1961, and the first summit was held in Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia) in the same year. The NAM was established as an alternative to the existing power blocs of the Cold War era, namely the United States-led Western bloc and the Soviet Union-led Eastern bloc.

Background

The idea of non-alignment had been proposed by leaders of newly independent nations who wanted to avoid taking sides in the Cold War. The Bandung Conference, held in Indonesia in 1955, was a precursor to the NAM and brought together leaders of 29 Asian and African countries who were committed to promoting economic and political cooperation among their nations.

Establishment of NAM

The NAM was officially established at the Belgrade Summit in 1961, attended by leaders of 25 countries. The founding members included India's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, Egypt's President Gamal Abdel Nasser, Yugoslavia's President Josip Broz Tito, and Indonesia's President Sukarno.

Objectives

The NAM's primary objective was to promote peace, security, and cooperation among its member states, while maintaining their independence and sovereignty. The movement aimed to provide a platform for developing countries to voice their concerns and interests in the international arena.

Achievements

Over the years, the NAM has played an important role in promoting disarmament, decolonization, and the rights of developing countries. It has also supported the struggles of oppressed peoples, such as the people of Palestine and South Africa.

Conclusion

The first NAM summit held in 1961 marked the beginning of a new era in international relations, one that sought to promote cooperation among nations based on the principles of non-alignment. The movement has since grown to include 120 member states and remains an important voice for the developing world.

In which year ASEAN was established?
  • a)
    1967
  • b)
    1965
  • c)
    1962
  • d)
    1960
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Akshita Saha answered
ASEAN was established in 1967 by five countries of south east Asian region — Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand — by signing the Bangkok Declaration. One of objective of ASEAN was to accelerate economic growth and through that ‘social progress and cultural development’.

Study the cartoon given below and answer the following questions:
Q. Why have the names of so many countries been written on the uniform of the soldier?
  • a)
    It symbolizes the union of these countries.
  • b)
    It symbolizes the colonization of these countries by USA.
  • c)
    USA has invaded these countries.
  • d)
    None of the above.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Yadav answered
(i) The United States of America is represented by this mighty soldier.
(ii) On 19 March 2003, the US launched its invasion of Iraq under the code name “Operation Iraqui Freedom”. More than forty other countries joined in the US-led invasion. The names of these countries have been written on this soldier’s uniform.
(iii) This cartoon shows that America is all powerful and can go to any extent to serve its interests. It attacked Iraq even after the UN refused to give its mandate to the invasion.

When did the socialist revolution take place in Russia?
  • a)
    1914
  • b)
    1917
  • c)
    1913
  • d)
    1920
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Soumya Bose answered
The Socialist Revolution in Russia took place in 1917.

Background
- In 1914, Russia had entered World War I on the side of the Allies.
- The war brought about economic hardship, food shortages, and military casualties.
- These issues led to discontent among the Russian people and created an environment ripe for revolution.

February Revolution
- In February 1917, a series of protests and strikes broke out in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg), the capital of Russia.
- The protests were mainly led by workers and soldiers who were demanding better working conditions, higher wages, and an end to the war.
- The protests quickly spread throughout the city and eventually led to the overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II, who had been ruling Russia since 1894.

Provisional Government
- Following the Tsar's abdication, a Provisional Government was established to rule Russia until a new government could be formed.
- However, the Provisional Government was weak and ineffective, and it failed to address the main concerns of the Russian people.

October Revolution
- In October 1917, the Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, seized power from the Provisional Government in a coup d'état known as the October Revolution.
- The Bolsheviks established a new government based on Marxist principles, which became known as the Soviet Union.
- The October Revolution marked the beginning of the socialist revolution in Russia and led to significant changes in the country's political, social, and economic structures.

Conclusion
The Socialist Revolution in Russia took place in 1917, following a period of discontent and unrest among the Russian people. The February Revolution led to the overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II and the establishment of a weak Provisional Government. The October Revolution, led by the Bolshevik Party, marked the beginning of a new era in Russian history and the establishment of the Soviet Union.

When was the council of Europe established?
  • a)
    1946
  • b)
    1949
  • c)
    1952
  • d)
    1945
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aashi Baijal answered
The council of Europe established in 5 may 1949 one of the oldest and biggest European organisation which unifies 47 member State and promote the main principal of the human rights.

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
Assertion: AESAN was developed to pose a military and economic threat to EU.
Reason: The objectives of ASEAN were primarily to accelerate economic growth and through that ‘economic and cultural development’.
  • a)
    Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
  • b)
    Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
  • c)
    (A) is false, but (R) is true
  • d)
    .(A) is true, but (R) is false.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Mehta answered
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was founded to promote peace and stability in the region, accelerate economic growth, and foster social progress and cultural development among its members, not to pose a military and economic threat to the European Union (EU). So, the Assertion (A) is false.

The Reason (R) is true. The objectives of ASEAN were indeed to accelerate economic growth and through that 'economic and cultural development'. Therefore, (R) is true.

Main cause of extinction of species from tropics is
  • a)
    soil erosion.
  • b)
    pollution.
  • c)
    deforestation.
  • d)
    afforestation.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Mansi Banerjee answered
Forests contain more than half of all species. The habitat of these species is destroyed through deforestation, so the number of species declines.

Who was the president of the small island nation Cuba off the coast of the united states?
  • a)
    John F. Kennedy
  • b)
    Fidel Castro
  • c)
    Khrushchev
  • d)
    None
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Simran Rane answered
Fidel Castro was the president of the small island nation Cuba off the coast of the United States.

Background:

Cuba is an island nation located in the Caribbean Sea, just south of the United States. The country has a rich history, with a vibrant culture and a diverse population. However, Cuba is perhaps best known for its political history, which has been shaped by a number of different leaders over the years. One of the most famous of these leaders was Fidel Castro.

Fidel Castro:

Fidel Castro was born in 1926, and he became involved in politics at a young age. He was a communist, and he believed that the people of Cuba deserved a better life than they were currently living. In 1959, Castro led a revolution that overthrew the Cuban government, and he became the country's prime minister. A few years later, he declared himself president of Cuba.

Castro's presidency was marked by a number of significant events. One of the most famous of these was the Cuban Missile Crisis, which occurred in 1962. During this crisis, the United States and the Soviet Union were on the brink of war over the presence of Soviet missiles in Cuba. Ultimately, the crisis was resolved peacefully, but it was a tense moment in world history.

Castro remained in power in Cuba for many years, and he was known for his communist policies and his outspoken criticism of the United States. He eventually stepped down from power in 2008, and his brother Raul Castro took over as president.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Fidel Castro was the president of the small island nation Cuba off the coast of the United States. He was a controversial figure who led a revolution and ruled the country for many years. Despite his many critics, he remains an important figure in the history of Cuba and the world.

When was the LTTE vanquished?
  • a)
    2006
  • b)
    2005
  • c)
    2009
  • d)
    2012
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vedika Singh answered
Ltte is a Tamil people group in shreelanka it is a very aggressive violent group in shreelanka .there is a big controversy between sinhili and Ltte in shreelanka

The country that gave the aid and technical assistance for steel plants in India is
  • a)
    the United States.
  • b)
    USSR.
  • c)
    Russia.
  • d)
    Japan.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Charvi Sharma answered
Soviet gave aid and technical assistance for steel plants like Bhilai, Bokaro and Vishakhapatnam in India during the 1960s and 1970s.

ASEAN's vision 2020 has defined what kind of role for ASEAN in the international community?
  • a)
    Inward-Looking
  • b)
    Innovation-Oriented
  • c)
    Future-Focused
  • d)
    Outward-Looking
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjana Bose answered
ASEAN's Vision 2020: Outward-Looking Role in the International Community

ASEAN's Vision 2020 is a strategic plan that outlines the regional bloc's goals and aspirations for the future. It aims to transform ASEAN into a dynamic and resilient community that is able to cope with current and future challenges. One of the key elements of the vision is an outward-looking role for ASEAN in the international community.

What is an Outward-Looking Role?

An outward-looking role means that ASEAN is actively engaged with other countries and international organizations. It seeks to promote cooperation, dialogue, and partnerships with the global community. ASEAN recognizes that it cannot achieve its goals in isolation and that it needs to work with other countries to address common challenges.

Why is an Outward-Looking Role Important?

An outward-looking role is important for several reasons:


  • It enables ASEAN to build relationships with other countries and international organizations, which can lead to economic, political, and social benefits.

  • It helps ASEAN to influence global policies and decision-making processes, particularly on issues that affect the region.

  • It enhances ASEAN's reputation and standing in the international community, which can lead to greater respect and recognition.

  • It enables ASEAN to learn from other countries and international organizations, which can help to improve its own policies and practices.



How is ASEAN Pursuing an Outward-Looking Role?

ASEAN is pursuing an outward-looking role in several ways:


  • It has established partnerships with other countries and international organizations, such as the ASEAN Plus Three, ASEAN Regional Forum, and ASEAN-EU.

  • It is actively involved in regional and global issues, such as climate change, terrorism, and trade.

  • It has engaged in dialogue and cooperation with other countries and international organizations on issues of mutual interest.

  • It has promoted regional integration and connectivity, which can help to build bridges with other countries and regions.



Conclusion

ASEAN's Vision 2020 aims to transform ASEAN into a dynamic and resilient community that is able to cope with current and future challenges. An outward-looking role is an important part of this vision, as it enables ASEAN to build relationships, influence global policies, enhance its reputation, and learn from other countries and international organizations. ASEAN is pursuing an outward-looking role through partnerships, engagement, dialogue, and regional integration.

India conducted second nuclear test in:
  • a)
    1972
  • b)
    1985
  • c)
    1986
  • d)
    1998
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Prerna Nair answered
India did so as it was surrounded by nuclear-armed countries and it wanted to safeguard itself from them.

Global poverty is another source of:
  • a)
    insecurity.
  • b)
    security.
  • c)
    internal problem.
  • d)
    external threat.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Mehta answered
Global poverty refers to low economic growth, low national income and low standard of living of developing or least developed countries. It is a source of insecurity because: 
1. Half the world’s population growth occurs in just six countries- India, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and Indonesia, considered developing countries and even in poorest countries population is expected to triple in next 50 years. 
2. Globally, this disparity contributes to the gap between the northern and southern countries of the world. 
3. Poverty in the south has also led a large migration to seek better economic opportunities in the north. 
4. All these created international political friction as international law and norms make a distinction between migrants and refugees as they do not get ready to accept migrants.

Study the cartoon carefully and give the answers to the question that follows:
Q. What was the result of the Cold War?
  • a)
    Disintegration of USSR and US emerging as the sole superpower.
  • b)
    Beginning of Russian dominance over the world.
  • c)
    Fall down of US as a capitalist economy and its adoption of Communist model.
  • d)
    None of the above.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Mehta answered
During 1989 and 1990, the Berlin Wall came down, borders opened, and free elections ousted Communist regimes everywhere in eastern Europe. In late 1991 the Soviet Union itself dissolved into its component republics. With stunning speed, the Iron Curtain was lifted and the Cold War came to an end.

How many stars does the circle of gold stars have?
  • a)
    Fourteen
  • b)
    Eleven
  • c)
    Fifteen
  • d)
    Twelve
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Debolina Ahuja answered
Answer:

The correct answer is option 'D', Twelve.

Explanation:

The given image shows a circle consisting of gold stars. To determine the number of stars that the circle has, we need to count the stars in the image.

Counting the stars in the image, we can see that there are a total of twelve stars in the circle. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D', Twelve.

In summary, the circle of gold stars has twelve stars.

The two aspects of Human Rights are
  • a)
    social and legal aspects.
  • b)
    natural and legal aspects.
  • c)
    economic and political aspects.
  • d)
    economic and natural aspects.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ruchi Joshi answered
Natural aspects signifies that 'Human Rights' are universal and inalienable. Legal aspects implies that 'Human Rights' are legal and constitutional rights that are enforced by the state.

Who did the US know was about to surrender?
  • a)
    Myanmar
  • b)
    Japan
  • c)
    Germany
  • d)
    India
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Shakshi answered
This is the incident of second world war. Japan was it's rivalry and us knew that the war to about to end and Japan was about to surrender yet he dropped atom bombs on Japan to show its power.

Study the cartoon carefully and give the answers to the question that follows:
Q. How USA shows its hegemony?
  • a)
    By showing its dominance in military, economy and culture over the other nations.
  • b)
    By having UN head quarter in New York.
  • c)
    By cooperating other nations in their development.
  • d)
    None of the above.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajesh Gupta answered
The US domination in military, economic, cultural aspects over other nations to show her supremacy is known as US hegemony. Its constraints are as follows-
1. The institutional architecture of American State itself i.e. they follow the system of division of powers between three organs of government.
2. The open nature of American Society and Political Culture i.e. the American mass media may promote a particular issue on domestic public opinion but never opposed the purposes and methods of government in American Political Culture.

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