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All questions of Constitution of India: History, Development & Salient Features for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

Consider the following statements regarding features of the Consistent Assembly:
1. Indian Independence Act of 1947 maintained that the Constituent Assembly was a fully sovereign body.
2. Constituent Assembly composed representatives of Princely states which were nominated by the people of the princely states.
3. Seats allocated to each British province were divided among all communities, in proportion to their population.
Which of the above statements is/are not correct?
  • a)
    3 only
  • b)
    1 and 3 only
  • c)
    2 only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Incorrect Statement in Features of the Consistent Assembly:

1. Indian Independence Act of 1947 maintained that the Constituent Assembly was a fully sovereign body.

Explanation:
This statement is correct. The Indian Independence Act of 1947 declared that the Constituent Assembly was a fully sovereign body to frame the Constitution of India.

2. Constituent Assembly composed representatives of Princely states which were nominated by the people of the princely states.

Explanation:
This statement is incorrect. The representatives of Princely states were not nominated by the people of the princely states. They were nominated by the rulers of the princely states.

3. Seats allocated to each British province were divided among all communities, in proportion to their population.

Explanation:
This statement is correct. Seats allocated to each British province were divided among all communities in proportion to their population.

Therefore, the correct answer is option (c) 2 only.

Consider the following statements regarding the Committees of the Constituent Assembly:
1. Only the members of the assembly could become the chairman of these committees.
2. Vallabhbhai Patel was the chairman of the Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas.
Which of the above statements is/are not correct?
  • a)
    2 only
  • b)
    Both 1 and 2
  • c)
    1 only 
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Only the members of the assembly could become the chairman of these committees.
  • This statement is not correct. While most chairpersons were indeed members of the Constituent Assembly, there were exceptions. For example, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, who chaired the Drafting Committee, was initially not a member of the Assembly elected from the British Indian provinces but was later included as a representative of the Bengal Presidency after the partition of India. Therefore, this statement might be misleading without the context of such exceptions.
Vallabhbhai Patel was the chairman of the Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas.
  • This statement is correct. Vallabhbhai Patel indeed chaired the Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities, and Tribal and Excluded Areas. This committee was pivotal in shaping the rights and safeguards to be included in the Indian Constitution.
So, the incorrect statement is 1 only.

The most essential feature of the Parliamentary form of Government is the:
  • a)
     Accountability of the executive to the legislature
  • b)
     Written constitution
  • c)
     Sovereignty of the Parliament
  • d)
     Independent judiciary
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Anaya Patel answered
The Constitution of India has opted for the British Parliamentary System of Government rather than American Presidential System of Government. The parliamentary system is based on the principle of cooperation and coordination between the legislative and executive organs.

Consider the following statements:
1. Prem Behari Narain Raizada was the calligrapher of the Indian Constitution.
2. The calligraphy of the Hindi version of the original constitution was done by Beohar Rammanohar Sinha.
3. Nand Lal Bose illuminated, beautified and ornamented the original Preamble.
Which of the statement given above is/are not correct?
  • a)
    1 and 2 only
  • b)
    2 and 3 only
  • c)
    2 only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ayush Kulkarni answered
Statement 1 is correct, but statement 2 and 3 needs to be corrected.
Statement 1 is correct. Prem Behari Narain Raizada was the calligrapher of the original Indian Constitution, which was adopted on November 26, 1949. Raizada was a renowned calligrapher, and his work on the Constitution is considered a masterpiece of calligraphy.
Statement 3 needs to be corrected. The Preamble and other pages of the original constitution were designed and painted by Beohar Rammanohar Sinha.
However, statement 2 needs to be corrected. The calligraphy of the Hindi version of the original constitution was not done by Beohar Rammanohar Sinha. It was actually done by another renowned calligrapher, Vasant Krishnan Vaidya. Sinha was a prominent artist and sculptor who had contributed to the design of the emblem of the Government of India, but he was not involved in the calligraphy of the Constitution.

Who is the Chief architect of the Constitution of India?
  • a)
    S.N. Mukherjee
  • b)
    B.N. Rau
  • c)
    B.R. Ambedkar
  • d)
    H.V.R. Iyengar
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Mehta answered
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, popularly known as Baba Saheb, was the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. A veritable emancipator of Dalits, a great national leader and patriot, a great author, a great educationist, a great political philosopher, a great religious guide and above he was great himself without any parallel among his contemporaries.

Sonia Gandhi, the President of Congress, despite being Italian by birth, is an Indian citizen by
  • a)
    Article 10
  • b)
    Article 11
  • c)
    The Citizenship Act, 1955
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Dia Mehta answered
According to the citizenship act of 1955 a person can acquire the citizenship of a country by marrying a person of that country, and she was the wife of rajiv gandhi, an Indian citizen she got the citizenship of India.

Constitution of India was passed and adopted on:
  • a)
    24 January 1950
  • b)
    26 January 1950
  • c)
    26 November 1949
  • d)
    29 August 1947
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Priya Menon answered
The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November, 1949 and the hon'ble members appended their signatures to it on 24 January, 1950. In all, 284 members actually signed the Constitution. On that day when the Constitution was being signed, it was drizzling outside and it was interpreted as a sign of a good omen.

Consider the following statements regarding the Committees of the Constituent Assembly:
1. Only the members of the assembly could become the chairman of these committees.
2. Mahatma Gandhi was  the chairman of the Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas.
Which of the above statements is/are not correct?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    Both 1 and 2
  • c)
    2 only
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2  
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Singh answered
Statement 1: Only the members of the assembly could become the chairman of these committees.
This statement is correct. The Committees of the Constituent Assembly were comprised of members of the assembly, and typically, one of the members would be elected as the chairman of each committee.

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the chairman of advisory committee of fundamental rights and minorities by the constituent assembly

The chief source of political power in India is the
  • a)
    People
  • b)
    Constitution
  • c)
    Parliament
  • d)
    Parliament, State Assemblies
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Samarth Sharma answered
India is a democratic country and it delives its power from the people . That means in a democratic country the representatives are elected by the people.

Who was chosen as the interim President of the Constituent Assembly in its first meeting held on December 9, 1946?
  • a)
    Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
  • b)
    Sachchidanand Sinha
  • c)
    H.C. Mukherjee
  • d)
    B. R. Ambedkar
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sanjay Rana answered
The Constituent Assembly held its first meeting on December 9, 1946. The Muslim League boycotted 
the meeting and insisted on a separate state of Pakistan. The meeting was thus attended by only 211 
members. Dr Sachchidananda Sinha, the oldest member, was elected as the temporary President of 
the Assembly, following the French practice. 
Later, on December 11, 1946, Dr Rajendra Prasad and H C Mukherjee were elected as the President 
and Vice-President of the Assembly respectively.

The President of India has the same Constitutional authority as the
  • a)
    British Monarch
  • b)
    US President
  • c)
    President of Egypt
  • d)
    President of Russia
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Amrita menon answered
Similar Constitutional Authority:
The President of India holds a position that is similar in terms of Constitutional authority to the British Monarch. This is because both the President of India and the British Monarch are constitutional heads of state with limited powers.

Constitutional Authority:
- The President of India is the ceremonial head of the country and has certain constitutional powers and duties, such as appointing the Prime Minister, calling for the formation of the government, and representing the country in international affairs.
- Similarly, the British Monarch also has constitutional powers, such as the right to appoint the Prime Minister, open and dissolve Parliament, and give Royal Assent to legislation.

Limitations on Power:
- Both the President of India and the British Monarch operate within the framework of a parliamentary system where the real executive power lies with the elected government.
- While the President of India has some discretionary powers, they are mostly bound by the advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
- Similarly, the British Monarch's powers are largely symbolic and ceremonial, with the real executive power vested in the Prime Minister and the Parliament.

Comparison with Other Presidents:
- The US President, on the other hand, has more executive powers compared to the President of India, as they are both the head of state and the head of government.
- The Presidents of Egypt and Russia also have more executive powers compared to the President of India, as they operate within presidential systems where the President holds significant authority over the government and the state.

During an Emergency, the Indian State turnsinto a ________ system from a ________system.
  • a)
    Federal, Unitary
  • b)
    Unitary, Federal
  • c)
    Unitary, Unitary
  • d)
    Unitary, Quasi-federal
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anaya Patel answered
Indian Constitution is quasi-federal i.e., it comprises of a strong centre and state wherein parliament is empowered to legislate on subjects not specifically mentioned in Constitution (residuary subjects). Where state and centre both legislate on the same subject the central law shall prevail. During an emergency, it acquires unitary form. Due to this reason, it is called "Quasi federal". 

Which animal was appointed as a symbol of the Constituent Assembly?
  • a)
    Lion
  • b)
    Tiger
  • c)
    Peacock
  • d)
    Elephant
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Arshiya Joshi answered
The correct answer is option D, Elephant.

Explanation:
The Constituent Assembly of India, which was responsible for drafting the Constitution of India, adopted the emblem of an elephant as its symbol in 1947.

Here are some reasons why the elephant was chosen as a symbol:

1. Significance in Indian culture: Elephants have been an important part of Indian culture and history for centuries. They are revered as symbols of strength, wisdom, and prosperity.

2. Unity in diversity: Elephants are found in many parts of India and are respected by people of different religions, castes, and communities. Similarly, the Constituent Assembly aimed to create a Constitution that would unite the diverse people of India.

3. Constitutional values: Elephants are known for their loyalty, courage, and sense of responsibility. These are also values that are important for a strong and effective Constitution.

4. Historical connection: The elephant has also been associated with the Maurya Empire, which was one of the greatest empires in ancient India. The Mauryan Emperor Ashoka used the image of four elephants standing back-to-back as the symbol of his reign.

In conclusion, the elephant was chosen as a symbol of the Constituent Assembly because of its significance in Indian culture, its ability to represent unity in diversity, its association with important constitutional values, and its historical connection to ancient India.

India has a Parliamentary Democracy because
  • a)
    Of the distribution of power between the Centreand the States.
  • b)
    The Council of Ministers is responsible to the Legislature.
  • c)
    The Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by the public.
  • d)
    Of a single constitutional framework.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anaya Patel answered
The Executive (i.e. the political Executive the Council of Ministers) remains responsible and the administration accountable to Parliament. It is the function of Parliament to exercise political and financial control over the Executive and to ensure parliamentary surveillance of administration.

Inidan Constitution is
  • a)
    purely federal
  • b)
    purely unitary
  • c)
    federal with unitary bias
  • d)
    unitary with federal bias
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Akhil Singh answered
Our Constitution is federal with unitary bias because At normal times it believes in being federal and passing on powers to lower governments but At the time of emergency , Central Government withdraws all the power from lower governments and exercises all the powers and works as Unitary government . This makes it Federal with Unitary bias

The source of legal authority or sovereignty in India flows from the
  • a)
    People of India
  • b)
    Constitution of India
  • c)
    Parliament of India
  • d)
    President of India
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The correct answer is option 'B' - Constitution of India. Let's delve into the explanation below:

**Explanation:**

**1. Introduction to the Constitution of India:**
The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the country. It serves as the source of legal authority and sovereignty in India. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950, thereby replacing the Government of India Act, 1935.

**2. Sovereignty and Legal Authority:**
Sovereignty refers to the supreme power or authority possessed by a state to govern itself and make decisions within its territory. In India, the sovereignty and legal authority flow from the Constitution. The Constitution establishes the framework of governance, defines the powers and functions of various institutions, and guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms to the citizens.

**3. Features of the Constitution:**
The Constitution of India has several essential features that establish its authority and sovereignty:

a) **Written Constitution:** Unlike the United Kingdom, India has a written constitution that is codified and documented in a single document. This written constitution is the fundamental law of the land and is legally enforceable.

b) **Preamble:** The Preamble of the Constitution outlines the basic ideals and objectives of the Indian state. It declares India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. The Preamble serves as the guiding spirit of the Constitution.

c) **Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy:** The Constitution guarantees fundamental rights to the citizens, such as the right to equality, freedom of speech and expression, right to life, and many more. It also includes Directive Principles of State Policy, which provide guidelines for the government to promote the welfare of the people.

d) **Separation of Powers:** The Constitution provides for the separation of powers among the three branches of government - the Legislature, the Executive, and the Judiciary. Each branch has its own specific powers and functions to prevent the concentration of power.

**4. Amendments and Judicial Review:**
The Constitution of India can be amended, but the amending power is subject to certain limitations and procedures. The Parliament can amend the Constitution, but the amendments must not violate the basic structure of the Constitution.

Moreover, the Constitution provides for judicial review, which empowers the judiciary to review and strike down any law or action that is inconsistent with the Constitution. This ensures that the Constitution remains the supreme law of the land and upholds the principles of justice and equality.

**Conclusion:**
In conclusion, the Constitution of India is the source of legal authority and sovereignty in India. It establishes the framework of governance, guarantees fundamental rights, and defines the powers and functions of various institutions. The Constitution is supreme and can only be amended through a prescribed procedure. Through the Constitution, India upholds the principles of democracy, justice, and equality.

Who put forward the idea of a Constituent Assembly for India for the first time?
  • a)
    B.R. Ambedkar
  • b)
    S.N. Mukherjee
  • c)
    M.N. Roy
  • d)
    K. M. Munshi
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Deepa Iyer answered
M.N Roy, a pioneer of the communist movement in India and an advocate of radical Democracy was the person who for the first time in 1934 put forth the Idea an Indian Constituent Assembly for framing of Constitution of India for and according to Indians.

The Constitution is generally defined as the
  • a)
    Law of the land.
  • b)
    Fundamental law of the land.
  • c)
    Administrative law of the land.
  • d)
    Constitutional law of the land.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Kavya Sharma answered
A codified constitution is a single document; states that do not have such a document have uncodified, but not entirely unwritten, constitutions, since much of an uncodified constitution is usually written in laws such as the Basic Laws of Israel and the Parliament Acts of the United Kingdom.

Which one is NOT a feature of the Constitution?
  • a)
    A written Constitution and supremacy of the Constitution
  • b)
    Quasi-federal structure
  • c)
    Committed judiciary
  • d)
    Distribution of powers
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anaya Patel answered
Committed Judiciary refers to the judiciary which is committed to uphold the policies of the government in power by interpreting the laws and the Constitution in a way palatable to the Government in power.

Who among the following introduced local self government in India?
a)Lord Mountbatten       
b)Lord Ripon         
c)Lord Cunning         
d)Lord Macaulay
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditya Kumar answered
The real bench marking of the government policy on decentralization can however be attributed to lord Ripon who in his famous resolution on local self government on may 18 1882, recognized the twin considerations of local government:
a) Administrative efficiency 
b) Political education.
The ripon resolution, which focused on towns, provided for local bodies consisting of a large majority of elected non official members and presided over by a non official chairperson.

In which year was Sikkim associated with the Indian Union?
  • a)
    1947
  • b)
    1975
  • c)
    1985
  • d)
    1871
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aryan Khanna answered
On 16 May 1975, Sikkim became the 22nd state of the Indian Union, and the monarchy was abolished. To enable the incorporation of the new state, the Indian Parliament amended the Indian Constitution.

Who was the chief draftsman of the constitution in the Constituent Assembly?
  • a)
    B.N. Rau
  • b)
    S. N Mukherjee
  • c)
    H.V.R Iyengar
  • d)
    Prem Bihari Narain
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ameya Malik answered
The chief draftsman of the constitution in the Constituent Assembly was B.R. Ambedkar.

Explanation:

- B.R. Ambedkar was a prominent leader and a member of the Constituent Assembly which was formed to draft the constitution of India.
- He played a crucial role in the drafting of the constitution and was the chief architect of the constitution.
- He was appointed as the chairman of the drafting committee which was responsible for preparing the first draft of the constitution.
- Ambedkar was a prolific writer and his extensive knowledge of constitutional law helped him in drafting the constitution.
- He worked tirelessly for almost two years to prepare the draft of the constitution and presented it to the Constituent Assembly on 4th November 1947.
- The constitution was finally adopted on 26th January 1950 and came into effect on that day.
- B.R. Ambedkar is often referred to as the father of the Indian Constitution and his contribution to the drafting of the constitution is widely recognized.

Arrange the following events in their correct chronological order:
1. Ratification of India’s membership of the Commonwealth
2. Adoption of National Flag
3. Adoption of National Anthem
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
  • a)
    2-1-3
  • b)
    1-3-2
  • c)
    2-3-1
  • d)
    1-2-3
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Other Functions performed by the Assembly:
  • Ratified India’s membership of the Commonwealth in May 1949
  • Adopted National Flag of India on July 22, 1947
  • Adopted National Anthem on January 24, 1950
  • Elected Dr Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India on January 24, 1950
so correct order will be 2-1-3

The Indian Constitution is
  • a)
    federal in form but unitary in spirit
  • b)
    unitary
  • c)
    unitary in form but federal in spirit
  • d)
    purely federal
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Anaya Patel answered
 “The Constitution of India is neither purely federal nor purely unitary but it is a combination of both."
Similarly, B.N. Banerjee has said that "The Constitution of India is federal in form but unitary in spirit."
In fact, the Constitution of India has many federal features as well as unitary features.

Which one of the following determines that the Indian Constitution is federal?
  • a)
    A written and rigid Constitution
  • b)
    An independent Judiciary
  • c)
    Vesting of residuary powers with the Centre
  • d)
    Distribution of powers between the Centre andthe States
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:

The Indian Constitution is considered to be federal in nature due to the distribution of powers between the Centre and the States. Let's understand this in detail:

Distribution of Powers between the Centre and the States:
- The Indian Constitution clearly defines the powers and functions of both the Central government and the State governments.
- It divides the powers into three lists: Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
- The Union List includes subjects on which only the Central government can make laws.
- The State List includes subjects on which only the State governments can make laws.
- The Concurrent List includes subjects on which both the Central and the State governments can make laws.
- This division of powers ensures that both the Central and State governments have their respective jurisdictions and areas of authority.
- It prevents any one level of government from encroaching upon the powers of the other, thus maintaining a balance of power.

Vesting of Residuary Powers with the Centre:
- Residuary powers are those powers that are not specifically mentioned in any of the three lists (Union, State, and Concurrent).
- In the Indian Constitution, these residuary powers are vested with the Central government.
- This means that any matter or subject that is not explicitly mentioned in the Union List, State List, or Concurrent List falls under the jurisdiction of the Central government.
- This provision strengthens the federal nature of the Indian Constitution by ensuring that the Centre has the authority to legislate on matters not assigned to the States.

Therefore, the distribution of powers between the Centre and the States, along with the vesting of residuary powers with the Centre, establishes the federal character of the Indian Constitution. The other options mentioned in the question, such as a written and rigid Constitution and an independent judiciary, are important features of the Indian Constitution but do not solely determine its federal nature.

Consider the following statements:
1. Constituent Assembly adopted the national flag on July 22, 1947.
2. Constituent Assembly adopted the national anthem on January 24, 1950.
3. Constituent Assembly elected Dr Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India on January 24, 1950.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 ,2, 3 only
  • b)
    2 and 3 only
  • c)
    1 and 2 only 
  • d)
    2 only
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Deepak Chauhan answered
The constituent assembly adopted the national flag on July 22, 1947. It adopted the national anthem on January 24, 1950. It adopted the national song on January 24, 1950. It elected Dr Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India on January 26, 1950.
The Constituent Assembly adopted the national flag on July 22, 1947. On this day, the tricolor flag of India, consisting of saffron, white and green stripes and a navy blue wheel at its center, was adopted as India's national flag. The Constituent Assembly adopted the national anthem on January 24, 1950. The national anthem, titled Jana Gana Mana, was composed by the Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore and was adopted as India's national anthem. The Constituent Assembly elected Dr Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India on January 24, 1950. Dr Prasad was the first President of India, and he served from 1950 to 1962.

The Constitution of India describe India as
  • a)
    A federation
  • b)
    Quasi-federal
  • c)
    A Union of States
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishani khanna answered
**The Constitution of India describes India as a Union of States.**

**Explanation:**

The Constitution of India designates India as a Union of States, which means that India is a federation with a strong central government. Let's understand this in detail:

**Federalism in India:**
- Federalism refers to the division of power between the central government and the state governments.
- India follows a federal system of government where power is distributed between the central government and the state governments.
- The central government has certain powers that are exclusively under its control, while the state governments have their own set of powers.
- The Constitution of India provides for a dual polity, with powers divided between the Union (central government) and the States.

**Features of Indian Federalism:**
1. **Supremacy of the Constitution:** The Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and both the central and state governments have to operate within its framework.
2. **Division of Powers:** The Constitution clearly defines the powers of the central and state governments through the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
- The Union List consists of subjects on which only the central government can make laws.
- The State List consists of subjects on which only the state governments can make laws.
- The Concurrent List consists of subjects on which both the central and state governments can make laws, but in case of a conflict, the central law prevails.
3. **Independent Judiciary:** India has an independent judiciary that acts as the guardian of the Constitution. It interprets the Constitution and resolves disputes between the central and state governments.
4. **Flexible Constitution:** The Constitution of India provides for the possibility of changes and amendments to meet the needs of the changing times and circumstances.
5. **Single Citizenship:** Unlike some federations, India has a single citizenship that is applicable to all Indian citizens irrespective of the state they belong to.

**Conclusion:**
The Constitution of India describes India as a Union of States, which means that India follows a federal system of government. This system provides for the division of powers between the central government and the state governments, ensuring a balance of power and promoting unity within diversity.

Consider the following statements.
1. The Constitution of 1950 was a by-product of the legacy started by the Government of India Act 1935
2. This was the longest act passed by the British government with 321 sections and 10 schedules
Which of the following statements are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
      2 Only
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The Constitution of 1950 was a by-product of the legacy started by the Government of India Act 1935. This was the longest act passed by the British government with 321 sections and 10 schedules. This act had drawn its content from four sources – Report of the Simon Commission, discussions and deliberations at the Third Round Table Conference, the White Paper of 1933 and the reports of the Joint select committees.

________ is the only country which does nothave a written Constitution even now.
  • a)
    The USA
  • b)
    The UK
  • c)
    China
  • d)
    Canada
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:

The correct answer is option 'B', i.e., the UK.

Reasoning:

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the only country in the world that does not have a written constitution.

Background:

The UK relies on a combination of laws, conventions, and traditions to govern its citizens. The UK's constitution is an unwritten one, meaning that it is not a single document, but rather a collection of laws, traditions, and conventions.

Features of the UK's Unwritten Constitution:

- The UK's constitution is not documented in a single written document.
- The UK's constitution is based on a combination of laws, conventions, and traditions.
- The UK's constitution is flexible and can be changed easily.
- The UK's constitution is not protected by a higher law or constitutional court.

Constitutional Documents of the UK:

- Magna Carta (1215)
- Bill of Rights (1689)
- Act of Settlement (1701)
- Parliament Acts (1911 and 1949)
- Human Rights Act (1998)

Conclusion:

Thus, the UK is the only country in the world without a written constitution.

Consider the following statements regarding features of the Consistent Assembly:
1. Indian Independence Act of 1947 maintained that the Constituent Assembly was a fully sovereign body.
2. Constituent Assembly composed representatives of Princely states which were nominated by the people of the princely states.
3. Seats allocated to each British province were divided among all communities, in proportion to their population.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    2 and 3 only
  • b)
    1 and 3 only
  • c)
    1 only
  • d)
    1,2 and 3 only
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Jaya Mehta answered
 1 only. Statement 1 is correct; the Indian Independence Act of 1947 maintained that the Constituent Assembly was a fully sovereign body. Statement 2 is incorrect as the representatives of Princely States were appointed by the rulers of the Princely States and not nominated by the people. Statement 3 is also incorrect as the seats allocated to each British province were divided among the three major religious communities, namely Hindu, Muslim and Sikh, in proportion to their population.

Our Constitution provides for the Constitution of the
a)Union.
b)Union and all the States except Jammu & Kashmir.
c)Union and all the States.
d)Organs of Governments of Union and the States.27. Article
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Samarth Sharma answered
The Constitution of India states that Parliament of India and the Union Government jurisdiction extends over limited matters with respect to State of Jammu and Kashmir, and in all other matters not specifically vested in federal governments, actions have to be supported by state legislature.

Consider the following statements:
1. Constituent Assembly adopted the national flag on July 22, 1947.
2. Constituent Assembly adopted the national anthem on January 24, 1950.
3. Constituent Assembly elected Dr Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India on January 24, 1950.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
  • a)
    1, 2 and 3.
  • b)
    2 and 3 only
  • c)
    1 and 3 only
  • d)
    1 and 2 only
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:

1. The Constituent Assembly adopted the national flag of India on July 22, 1947. The flag consists of three horizontal stripes of saffron, white, and green, with the Ashoka Chakra (24-spoke wheel) in the center.

2. The Constituent Assembly adopted the national anthem, "Jana Gana Mana," written by Rabindranath Tagore, on January 24, 1950.

3. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the first President of India by the Constituent Assembly on January 24, 1950. He took the oath of office on 26 January 1950.

Which of the animal was carved on the seal of the Constituent Assembly?
  • a)
    Lion
  • b)
    Peacock
  • c)
    Elephant
  • d)
    Tiger
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anshul Saini answered
The elephant was adopted as the symbol of the Constituent Assembly. Thus, its figurine was carved on the seal of the assembly.

The Provincial Constitution Committee of the Constituent Assembly was chaired by
  • a)
    Jawahar Lal Nehru
  • b)
    Sardar Patel
  • c)
    Bishwanath Das
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Dia Mehta answered
The Constituent Assembly appointed a number of committees to deal with different tasks of constitution-making. Out of these, eight were major committees and the others were minor committees. The names of the major committees and their chairmen are given below :
1. Union Powers Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
2. Union Constitution Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
3. Provincial Constitution Committee – Sardar Patel
4. Drafting Committee – Dr B.R. Ambedkar
5. Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas – Sardar Patel
6. Rules of Procedure Committee – Dr Rajendra Prasad
7. States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) – Jawaharlal Nehru
8. Steering Committee – Dr Rajendra Prasad

The ultimate sovereignty resides with the
  • a)
    Parliament
  • b)
    President
  • c)
    Supreme Court
  • d)
    People
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anaya Patel answered
The submission of A. V . Dicey is that the constitution is the 'Legal Sovereign' recognised by the Court, although the ultimate 'Political Sovereignty' may and does reside in the 'People'.

The Panchayati Raj primarily aims
  • a)
    To increase agricultural production.
  • b)
    To ensure real development.
  • c)
    To work for the uplift of Harijans.
  • d)
    To arouse among the people intensive andcontinuous interest in community developmentprogrammes.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Dharini das answered

Importance of the Panchayati Raj System

The Panchayati Raj system in India primarily aims to arouse among the people intensive and continuous interest in community development programs. Let's break down the importance of the Panchayati Raj system in achieving this goal:

Decentralization of Power

- The Panchayati Raj system aims to decentralize power by transferring decision-making authority from higher levels of government to local elected bodies. This helps in promoting grassroots democracy and ensuring better representation of the community's needs and aspirations.

Community Participation

- By involving local communities in the decision-making process, the Panchayati Raj system aims to increase community participation in governance and development activities. This not only ensures that development programs are more aligned with the needs of the people but also fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility among the citizens.

Effective Implementation of Development Programs

- The Panchayati Raj system plays a crucial role in the effective implementation of development programs at the grassroots level. Local bodies are better equipped to identify local issues, allocate resources efficiently, and monitor the progress of development initiatives. This leads to more targeted and impactful development outcomes.

Promotion of Social Justice

- Another key aim of the Panchayati Raj system is to promote social justice by ensuring the participation of marginalized communities, including Harijans, in the decision-making process. By giving a voice to the underprivileged sections of society, the system works towards creating a more inclusive and equitable society.

In conclusion, the primary aim of the Panchayati Raj system is to create a framework for grassroots democracy and community-led development. By empowering local bodies and promoting community participation, the system strives to build a more responsive, inclusive, and sustainable governance structure.

Who put forward the idea of a Constituent Assembly for India for the first time?
  • a)
    B.R. Ambedkar
  • b)
    S.N. Mukherjee
  • c)
    M.N. Roy
  • d)
    K. M. Munshi
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Kabir Verma answered
The idea of a Constituent Assembly for India was put forward for the first time by M. N. Roy, a pioneer of the communist movement in India, in 1934.

The Poona pact (1932) upheld
  • a)
    Joint electorate         
  • b)
    Separate electorate
  • c)
    Joint electorate with reserved seats for the scheduled castes
  • d)
    Joint electorate with reserved seats for the caste Hindus
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The Poona Pact was an agreement signed on September 24, 1932, between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. It was a compromise between the two leaders regarding the issue of separate electorates for the Dalits or the Scheduled Castes.

The correct option is (c) Joint electorate with reserved seats for the Scheduled Castes.

Explanation:

Background:

The British Government had introduced the system of separate electorates for the Dalits through the Communal Award in 1932. This meant that the Dalits would have their own electorates and would vote only for Dalit candidates.

However, Mahatma Gandhi was strongly opposed to this system as he believed that it would create further divisions in the Indian society. He argued that the Dalits should be integrated into the mainstream society and should not be treated as a separate community.

On the other hand, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the leader of the Dalits, was in favor of separate electorates as he believed that it was the only way to ensure political representation for the Dalits.

Agreement:

The Poona Pact was signed after a series of negotiations between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. The key features of the agreement were:

- The system of separate electorates for the Dalits was abolished.
- Instead, a joint electorate was introduced where all communities would vote together.
- However, to ensure political representation for the Dalits, reserved seats were provided in the legislature and other elected bodies.
- The number of reserved seats would be in proportion to the population of the Dalits in a particular region.
- The system of reservation would be in place for a period of ten years.

Significance:

The Poona Pact was a significant event in the Indian freedom struggle as it resolved a major conflict between the leaders of the Dalits and the mainstream nationalist movement. It helped in the integration of the Dalits into the mainstream society and ensured political representation for them.

The agreement also marked a victory for Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent resistance and his belief in the unity of the Indian society.

Conclusion:

The Poona Pact remains a significant event in the history of India as it paved the way for the integration of the Dalits into the mainstream society and ensured their political representation. It was a compromise between the two leaders that helped in resolving a major conflict and united the Indian society in the fight against the British colonial rule.

Which of the following was the basis on which the government of India Act 1919 was made?
  • a)
    The council Act of 1909                               
  • b)
    Montague’s Declaration 1917
  • c)
    The victory of England in World War-I         
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Priya Desai answered
-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919
c)Simon Commission Report of 1928
d)The recommendations of the Nehru Report of 1928

The correct answer is a) The council Act of 1909. The Government of India Act 1919, also known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, was based on the Council Act of 1909. The Act of 1909 had introduced a limited form of representative government in India by expanding the legislative councils and allowing for some elected members. The Government of India Act 1919 further expanded the legislative councils and introduced provincial autonomy.

The ‘Objectives Resolution’ was passed in:
  • a)
    Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress
  • b)
    Constituent Assembly
  • c)
    All Parties Conference called after the Cabinet Mission Plan
  • d)
    A Meeting which declared the Mountbatten Plan
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Singh answered
On December 13, 1946, Jawahar Lal Nehru moved the ‘Objective Resolution’ in the Constituent Assembly which was unanimously adopted by the assembly on January 22, 1947. The important provisions of the Resolution were:
  • This Constituent Assembly declares it's firm and solemn resolve to proclaim India as the Independent Sovereign Republic and to draw up for her future governance a Constitution.
  • Wherein the territories comprising present times British India, the territories that now form the Indian State and such other parts of India as are outside India and the States as well as other territories as are willing to be constituted into independent sovereign India, shall be a Union of them all
  • Wherein the said territories, whether with their present boundaries or with such others as may be determined by the Constituent Assembly and thereafter according to the law of the Constitution, shall possess and retain with the residuary powers and exercise all powers and functions of the Government and administration implied in the Union or resulting therefrom
  • Wherein all power and authority of Sovereign Independent India, its constituent parts and organs of Government are derived from the people
  • Wherein shall be guaranteed and secured to all the people of India justice, social, economic and political; equality of status of opportunity, and before the law; freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, worship, vocation, association and action, subject to the law and public morality
  • Wherein adequate safeguards shall be provided for minorities, backward and tribal areas and depressed and other backward classes
  • Whereby shall be maintained the integrity of the territory of the Republic and its sovereign rights on land, sea and air according to justice and the law of civilized nations
  • This ancient land attains its rightful and honoured place in the world and makes its full and willing contribution to the promotion of world peace and the welfare of mankind.

Consider the following provisions of the Constitution of India:
1. Citizenship
2. Electoral Process in India
3. Fundamental Duties
4. Fundamental Rights
5. Formation of States and Union Territories

Which of the above provisions came into existence on November 26, 1949?
  • a)
    1, 2 and 5 only
  • b)
    1, 2, 4 and 5 only
  • c)
    1 and 2 only
  • d)
    1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Bharati Sharma answered
The constitution of India hold on 26 January 1950.
On November 1949 the final version of the constitution received the signature of President of the assembly was declared as passed. The provisions relating to citizenship, election, provisional parliament, temporary, transitional provisions were immediate effect from 26 Nov 1949.
The constitution assembly for drafting the constitution held its first sitting on 9 December 1946.

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