What makes India a federal country. Explain them?

Question

Answer

India is a federal country
this can be satisfied as:-
1) decentralisation:-the distribution of power
a) state list
b) concurrent list
c) residuary list

2) three tier system as of
a) union .
b) state
c) local self government

various subunits ensure a system of check and balance and it helps in ensuring stability of democracy and makes a country federal

Answer

A. DIVISION OF POWER- The constitution demarcated the power of central and state government into different lists of subject ---
1. UNION LIST
2. STATE LIST
3. CONCURRENT LIST

b. THREE TIER SYSTEM -- As discussed earlier under a federal government different tiers of government govern same citizen.
In India we have three tier system of government ::
1. UNION GOVERNMENT
2 . STATE GOVERNMENT
3. LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT

c. CONSENT OF BOTH LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT --
Under a federal government the fundamental provision can't be unilaterally changed by one level of government and the same is true for India.
The parliament can't on its own change the fundamental structure of Construction. ...

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Answer

India a federal country because of the following reasons: There are levels of governments—Central Government, State Government and Local Government. ... The Indian Constitution contains three lists which contain subjects in which the Union and the State Governments may form laws.

Answer

Introduction:

India is a federal country that follows a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various regional units. The federal structure of India is enshrined in its Constitution and is one of the key features that define the governance system of the country. The federal nature of India can be understood through several aspects.

Constitutional Framework:

The Indian Constitution provides for a federal structure and clearly defines the powers and responsibilities of the central and state governments. It establishes a dual polity, where both the central government and the state governments have their own spheres of authority and jurisdiction. The powers of the central government are enumerated in the Union List, while the powers of the state governments are listed in the State List. Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the central and state governments can make laws.

Division of Powers:

The division of powers between the central government and state governments is one of the core principles of federalism. In India, the central government has exclusive powers to legislate on subjects such as defense, foreign affairs, currency, and communication, among others. On the other hand, the state governments have powers to legislate on subjects like police, public order, health, agriculture, and many more. Both levels of government can exercise their powers independently within their respective domains.

Independent Judiciary:

Another important aspect of the federal nature of India is the presence of an independent judiciary. The Constitution establishes a Supreme Court as the highest judicial authority in the country, and each state has its own High Court. The judiciary acts as a guardian of the Constitution and has the power to interpret and safeguard the division of powers between the central and state governments. It resolves disputes between the center and states, ensuring the federal principles are upheld.

Financial Autonomy:

Financial autonomy is crucial for the functioning of a federal country. In India, the central government collects taxes and distributes a portion of the revenue to the state governments. This system of fiscal federalism ensures that the state governments have the necessary resources to carry out their responsibilities. Additionally, the Finance Commission is appointed at regular intervals to recommend the sharing of financial resources between the center and states.

Flexible Constitution:

The Indian Constitution provides for a flexible framework that allows for amendments to accommodate changing circumstances. This flexibility is essential for a federal country as it enables the central and state governments to adapt to evolving needs and challenges. However, any amendments that affect the federal structure of the country require the support of both the center and a majority of state governments.

Conclusion:

India's federal structure is a fundamental characteristic of its governance system. The division of powers, independent judiciary, financial autonomy, and a flexible constitution are key factors that contribute to the federal nature of the country. This structure allows for a balance of power between the central and state governments, ensuring governance at both levels and promoting unity in diversity.

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