The people of England started enclosing the land in the late 19th due to the following reasons:From the mid-eighteenth century, the English population expanded rapidly which increased demand for food grains.Due to industrialization urban population grew and the market for foodgrain increased.Due to Anglo-French war by the end 18th century, trade and import of food grain from Europe disrupted which encouraged land owners to enclose lands in England.

Causes for the Increase in Demand in the 17th and 18th Century

There were several causes for the increase in demand during the 17th and 18th centuries, which can be attributed to various factors including economic, political, and social changes. These factors contributed to a surge in consumption and a growing desire for goods and services.

1. Population Growth:
- The population during this period experienced significant growth, leading to an increased demand for goods and services to cater to the expanding population.
- The rise in population created a larger consumer base and a need for more products to fulfill their needs.

2. Expansion of Trade and Colonialism:
- The 17th and 18th centuries saw a significant expansion in international trade and the establishment of colonial empires.
- European nations, such as Britain, France, and Spain, explored and colonized new territories, opening up vast markets for goods produced in the home countries.
- The demand for commodities from colonies, such as sugar, tobacco, and tea, grew rapidly, leading to increased trade and consumption.

3. Industrial Revolution:
- The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, brought about significant changes in production and technology.
- Innovations in machinery, such as the steam engine, mechanized textile production, and improved transportation systems, increased the efficiency and quantity of goods produced.
- This led to a rise in supply, which in turn stimulated demand as more affordable and accessible goods became available to the general population.

4. Urbanization and the Rise of the Middle Class:
- Urbanization was a prominent feature of the 17th and 18th centuries, as people migrated from rural areas to cities in search of employment opportunities.
- The growth of cities and the rise of the middle class created a demand for various goods and services, including clothing, furniture, and luxury items.
- The middle class became an important consumer group, driving the demand for products and contributing to a shift in consumption patterns.

5. Cultural and Social Changes:
- Changing cultural attitudes and social norms in the 17th and 18th centuries also influenced the increase in demand.
- The desire for luxury goods and material possessions became more prevalent among the upper and middle classes, leading to an increased demand for fashionable clothing, accessories, and other luxury items.
- Consumerism became a symbol of social status and wealth, driving the demand for goods and contributing to the growth of industries.

In conclusion, the increase in demand during the 17th and 18th centuries can be attributed to various factors, such as population growth, expansion of trade and colonialism, the Industrial Revolution, urbanization, and changing cultural and social attitudes. These factors combined to create a surge in consumption and a growing desire for goods and services, shaping the economic landscape of the time.