B)

Becoz, the food available at different islands of Galapagos Island where different and that changed the food habits of the seed eating bird i.e. finches.

The diversity in the type of beaks of finches adapted to different feeding habits on the Galapagos islands, as observed by Darwin, provides evidence for the origin of species by natural selection.


Charles Darwin, during his visit to the Galapagos Islands in the 19th century, noticed a remarkable diversity in the beak shapes of finches inhabiting different islands. This observation played a crucial role in the development of his theory of evolution by natural selection.


Origin of species by natural selection is the fundamental concept proposed by Charles Darwin. According to this theory, species evolve over time through the process of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on these traits to future generations. The diversity of beak shapes among the finches on the Galapagos islands provides evidence for this theory.


The Galapagos finches have evolved a variety of beak shapes that are adapted to different feeding habits. Each species of finch has a distinct beak morphology that allows it to exploit a specific food source, such as seeds, insects, or nectar. The beak shapes vary in size, depth, curvature, and strength, enabling the finches to efficiently obtain and consume their preferred food.


The diversity in beak shapes among the finches is a result of natural selection acting on heritable variations within the population. The availability of different food sources on the different islands of the Galapagos archipelago has created distinct ecological niches. The finches with beak shapes best suited to exploit the available food resources have a higher chance of survival and reproductive success.


The variation in beak shapes among the finches provides evidence for natural selection and the origin of new species. Over generations, individuals with advantageous beak shapes have a higher probability of survival and reproduction, leading to the accumulation of beneficial traits in the population. This process eventually results in the formation of new species adapted to specific ecological niches.


The diversity in the type of beaks observed among the finches on the Galapagos islands is a compelling example of how natural selection drives the evolution of species. The adaptation of beak shapes to different feeding habits provides evidence for the origin of species through the process of natural selection. Darwin's observations on the Galapagos finches played a significant role in shaping our understanding of evolution and continue to be a cornerstone of evolutionary biology.