Phenol, also known as hydroxybenzene, is an aromatic compound that contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring. When phenol reacts with ethyliodide (C2H5I) in the presence of anhydrous ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH), it undergoes an etherification reaction to form ethyl phenyl ether (C6H5OC2H5).

The reaction can be represented by the following chemical equation:

C6H5OH + C2H5I → C6H5OC2H5 + HI

Explanation:

1. Formation of an alkoxide ion:
The anhydrous ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) acts as a base and deprotonates phenol to form an alkoxide ion. This is achieved by the alcohol's lone pair of electrons attacking the acidic hydrogen in the hydroxyl group of phenol. The alkoxide ion formed is C6H5O-.

C6H5OH + C2H5OH → C6H5O- + C2H5OH2+

2. Nucleophilic substitution:
The alkoxide ion (C6H5O-) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon atom in ethyliodide (C2H5I). This results in the substitution of the iodide group (I-) with the alkoxide group (C6H5O-), forming ethyl phenyl ether (C6H5OC2H5).

C6H5O- + C2H5I → C6H5OC2H5 + I-

3. Formation of hydrogen iodide:
As a result of the substitution reaction, hydrogen iodide (HI) is also produced as a byproduct.

C6H5OH + C2H5I → C6H5OC2H5 + HI

Options:

A. C6H5OC2H5: This is the correct answer as it represents the formation of ethyl phenyl ether, the product of the reaction.

B. C2H5Oç2H5: This compound is not formed as a result of the reaction between phenol and ethyliodide.

C. C6H5OC6H5: This compound is not formed as a result of the reaction between phenol and ethyliodide.

D. C6H5I: This compound is not formed as a result of the reaction between phenol and ethyliodide. Instead, hydrogen iodide (HI) is produced as a byproduct.

In conclusion, the correct answer is A. C6H5OC2H5, which represents the formation of ethyl phenyl ether (C6H5OC2H5) when phenol reacts with ethyliodide in the presence of anhydrous ethyl alcohol.