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An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges of magnitude ± q seperated by 2a. When the dipole is placed in uniform electric field E, to have minimum potential energy, then dipole moment p makes which the following angle with E
- a)180o
- b)90o
- c)60o
- d)0o
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges of magnitude &plus...
Q separated by a distance d. The direction of the dipole is defined as the direction from the negative charge to the positive charge. When an electric field is applied to an electric dipole, the charges experience a force in opposite directions.
The magnitude of the electric field at a point P located a distance r from the center of the dipole is given by:
E = k (p / r^3) (3 cos^2 θ - 1)
where k is the Coulomb constant, p is the magnitude of the dipole moment (p = qd), θ is the angle between the direction of the dipole and the line connecting the dipole to point P.
The torque on the dipole in the presence of an electric field is given by:
τ = p x E
where x denotes the cross product.
The potential energy of an electric dipole in an electric field is given by:
U = -p . E
where . denotes the dot product.
The dipole moment is a vector quantity that points from the negative charge to the positive charge. The magnitude of the dipole moment is equal to the product of the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them. The unit of dipole moment is coulomb-meter (C-m).
An electric dipole in a uniform electric field experiences a net force and a torque. The net force tends to align the dipole with the electric field, while the torque tends to rotate the dipole. If the electric field is non-uniform, the dipole experiences a net force and a net torque, causing it to move and rotate.
Electric dipoles are important in many areas of physics, including electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, and molecular physics. They are used to describe the behavior of atoms and molecules in an electric field, and to understand the properties of materials such as dielectrics and ferroelectrics.
The magnitude of the electric field at a point P located a distance r from the center of the dipole is given by:
E = k (p / r^3) (3 cos^2 θ - 1)
where k is the Coulomb constant, p is the magnitude of the dipole moment (p = qd), θ is the angle between the direction of the dipole and the line connecting the dipole to point P.
The torque on the dipole in the presence of an electric field is given by:
τ = p x E
where x denotes the cross product.
The potential energy of an electric dipole in an electric field is given by:
U = -p . E
where . denotes the dot product.
The dipole moment is a vector quantity that points from the negative charge to the positive charge. The magnitude of the dipole moment is equal to the product of the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them. The unit of dipole moment is coulomb-meter (C-m).
An electric dipole in a uniform electric field experiences a net force and a torque. The net force tends to align the dipole with the electric field, while the torque tends to rotate the dipole. If the electric field is non-uniform, the dipole experiences a net force and a net torque, causing it to move and rotate.
Electric dipoles are important in many areas of physics, including electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, and molecular physics. They are used to describe the behavior of atoms and molecules in an electric field, and to understand the properties of materials such as dielectrics and ferroelectrics.
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An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges of magnitude &plus...
As Potential energy is -p.E ....it is minimum when p.E is Max so cos theta is Max so theta = 0 degree
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An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges of magnitude ± q seperated by 2a. When the dipole is placed in uniform electric field E, to have minimum potential energy, then dipole moment p makes which the following angle with Ea)180ob)90oc)60od)0oCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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