Major Forms of Power Sharing in Modern Democracy

Power sharing is an essential feature of modern democratic systems as it helps in maintaining social harmony and preventing the concentration of power in the hands of a few individuals or groups. There are several major forms of power sharing in modern democracy, which are explained in detail below.

1. Horizontal Power Sharing:
Horizontal power sharing refers to the division of power among different organs of the government. In a democratic system, power is divided between the legislature, executive, and judiciary. Each organ has its own set of powers and functions, which act as a system of checks and balances. This ensures that no single organ becomes too powerful and can prevent any abuse of power.

2. Vertical Power Sharing:
Vertical power sharing refers to the division of power between different levels of government. In a federal system, power is divided between the central government and state or regional governments. This allows for the participation of diverse regions and ensures that local issues can be addressed effectively. It also prevents the central government from becoming too dominant and allows for the representation of various regional interests.

3. Power Sharing among Political Parties:
Power sharing among political parties is another important form of power sharing in modern democracy. Different political parties compete for power through elections, and the party or coalition that secures a majority forms the government. This ensures that power is shared among different political parties, and different viewpoints and interests are represented in the decision-making process.

4. Power Sharing among Social Groups:
Power sharing among social groups is crucial for the functioning of a diverse society. In modern democracies, power is shared among different social groups based on factors such as caste, religion, gender, and ethnicity. This allows for the representation of marginalized groups and ensures that their voices are heard in the decision-making process.

5. Power Sharing through Civil Society Organizations:
Civil society organizations play a vital role in power sharing within modern democracies. These organizations, such as NGOs, trade unions, and advocacy groups, represent the interests and concerns of various sections of society. They act as intermediaries between the government and the people, providing a platform for dialogue and influencing policy decisions.

In conclusion, power sharing is a fundamental aspect of modern democracies. Horizontal and vertical power sharing, power sharing among political parties and social groups, as well as power sharing through civil society organizations, are the major forms of power sharing in modern democracies. These forms of power sharing ensure that power is distributed among different organs of government, levels of government, political parties, social groups, and civil society organizations, thus promoting inclusivity, accountability, and the prevention of the concentration of power.