What are the different form of power sharing in modern democracy give an example of each of these?

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Different Forms of Power Sharing in Modern Democracy

In modern democracies, power sharing refers to the practice of sharing power among different organs of government, different levels of government, and different social groups. It is essential for maintaining social harmony, promoting the welfare of citizens, and preventing the concentration of power in the hands of a few. Here are the different forms of power sharing in modern democracy:

1. Horizontal Division of Power

Horizontal division of power refers to the separation of powers among different organs of government. In a democracy, power is divided among the legislature, executive, and judiciary to ensure that no single organ becomes too powerful. Each organ has its own functions and powers, and they work together to maintain a balance of power. For example, in India, the Constitution provides for a separation of powers among the three organs of government.

2. Vertical Division of Power

Vertical division of power refers to the distribution of powers between different levels of government. In a federal system, power is shared between the central government and the state governments. This ensures that power is not concentrated in the hands of the central government and that the states have autonomy in certain matters. For example, in India, the Constitution provides for a division of powers between the central government and the state governments.

3. Community Government

Community government refers to the participation of different social groups in the decision-making process. In a democracy, different social groups such as minorities, women, and marginalized communities have the right to participate in the decision-making process. This ensures that the interests of all sections of society are represented in the decision-making process. For example, in India, the Constitution provides for the reservation of seats in the legislature and local government bodies for women and marginalized communities.

4. Coalition Government

Coalition government refers to the sharing of power among different political parties. In a democracy, no single political party can gain a majority in the legislature, and different parties have to form a coalition government. This ensures that power is shared among different political parties, and the interests of all parties are represented in the decision-making process. For example, in India, coalition governments have been formed at the central and state levels.

5. Power Sharing Agreement

Power sharing agreement refers to the sharing of power between different groups or communities that have a history of conflict. In a democracy, different groups or communities may have different demands and interests, and a power-sharing agreement can help in resolving conflicts and promoting peace. For example, in Northern Ireland, a power-sharing agreement was reached between Catholics and Protestants to end the conflict in the region.

Answer

Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. Example – India This distribution ensures that none of the organs can exercise and utilise unlimited power. Each and every organ keeps an eye on the others.

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