Write a about - 1) Divide and rule policy. 2) subsidiary alliance. 3) ...
"Divide and Rule" policy is the policy under which the rulers divide people in small groups, so they cannot rebel against the state. These policies were followed by many European states in order to colonize developing or underdeveloped countries. The British used the same policy in India.
Subsidiary Alliance System was formulated by Lord Wellesley in British India. Indian princely states who entered into this alliance with the British were not allowed to have their independent armed force. They were to be protected by the company, but had to pay for the 'subsidiary forces' that the company was supposed to maintain for the purpose of this protection. Further the Comapny controlled the foreign affairs of the state. The Indian states who signed this alliance with the British lost their independence. A British resident also stayed in the princely state to regulate its affairs. Subsidiary Alliance System helped the British to expand its rule in India.
Doctrine of lapse was a policy of annexation followed by Lord Dalhousie, according to this policy if the ruler of a dependent state died without a heir, his adopted son would not be allowed to occupy the throne and that state would be annexed to the British empire in India. It was a grievance of the independent ruler against the British.
Fortification
The French East India Company had established its settlement at Chandernagore. There was a trade rivalry between the French and the British, and resultantly, the English East India Company too began to build fortifications around its own settlement at Calcutta. This was seen as a challenge to his authority by the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah. He ordered both the parties to destroy the fortifications. While the French East India Company agreed to this diktat, the British refused to acquiesce to the Nawab’s demand. As a result, this became a bone of contention between the Nawab and the British.
The term Monopoly means ‘alone to sell’. In a monopoly market, there is a single seller of a particular product with no strong competition from any other seller. In this article, we will look at the features of a monopoly market.