Petrol prices are reduced by 20%. Find by how much percent a vehicle o...
Let petrol price - 100 ,
after deduction - 80
petrol consumption - 100 ,
Petrol consumption after deduction - x.
Total Expenditure = 100 × 100 = 80 × x
= x =10000/80 = 125
consumption increased = 125 - 100 = 25
percentage increased = 25% of 100
Petrol prices are reduced by 20%. Find by how much percent a vehicle o...
Solution:
Let's assume that initially, the cost of petrol is Rs. 100
After a 20% reduction, the cost of petrol becomes Rs. 80
To keep the cost of petrol constant, the vehicle owner needs to increase his consumption of petrol. Let's say the vehicle owner initially consumed x liters of petrol.
Now, the cost of petrol per liter = 100/x
After the reduction, the cost of petrol per liter = 80/x
To keep the cost constant, the vehicle owner needs to consume y liters of petrol, where
100/x = 80/y
y = (4/5)x
Therefore, the vehicle owner needs to increase his consumption of petrol by (1 - 4/5) = 1/5 or 20%
Hence, the correct option is (b) 25%.
Note: It is important to understand that the percentage increase in consumption of petrol is always greater than the percentage reduction in petrol prices to keep the expenditure constant. In this case, the percentage reduction in petrol prices is 20%, but the percentage increase in consumption of petrol required to keep the expenditure constant is 25%.