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The hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is a
- a)1st order reaction with molecularity 1
- b)2nd order reaction with molecularity 2
- c)1st order reaction with molecularity 2
- d)2nd order reaction with molecularity 1
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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The hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is aa)1st order reaction wi...
Hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is a second-order reaction with molecularity 2. Let's understand this in detail:
Hydrolysis of ester:
Esters are hydrolyzed in the presence of water and an acidic or basic catalyst. In alkaline medium, the hydrolysis of ester takes place through a nucleophilic substitution mechanism. The hydroxide ion acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon of the ester, forming a tetrahedral intermediate. This intermediate then decomposes to give an alcohol and a carboxylate ion.
Mechanism:
R-COOR' + OH- → R-COO- + R'OH
Nucleophilic attack by OH- on the carbonyl carbon of the ester forms a tetrahedral intermediate.
The intermediate is unstable and decomposes to give a carboxylate ion and an alcohol.
Rate equation:
The rate of the reaction is determined by the concentration of the ester and OH- ion. Therefore, the rate equation for the hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is:
rate = k [ester] [OH-]
Order and Molecularity:
The order of the reaction is the sum of the powers to which the concentration terms are raised in the rate equation. In this case, the order of the reaction is 2.
The molecularity of the reaction is the number of molecules or ions that participate in the rate-determining step. In this case, two molecules participate in the rate-determining step, the ester and the OH- ion. Therefore, the molecularity of the reaction is 2.
Conclusion:
Thus, the hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is a second-order reaction with molecularity 2.
Hydrolysis of ester:
Esters are hydrolyzed in the presence of water and an acidic or basic catalyst. In alkaline medium, the hydrolysis of ester takes place through a nucleophilic substitution mechanism. The hydroxide ion acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon of the ester, forming a tetrahedral intermediate. This intermediate then decomposes to give an alcohol and a carboxylate ion.
Mechanism:
R-COOR' + OH- → R-COO- + R'OH
Nucleophilic attack by OH- on the carbonyl carbon of the ester forms a tetrahedral intermediate.
The intermediate is unstable and decomposes to give a carboxylate ion and an alcohol.
Rate equation:
The rate of the reaction is determined by the concentration of the ester and OH- ion. Therefore, the rate equation for the hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is:
rate = k [ester] [OH-]
Order and Molecularity:
The order of the reaction is the sum of the powers to which the concentration terms are raised in the rate equation. In this case, the order of the reaction is 2.
The molecularity of the reaction is the number of molecules or ions that participate in the rate-determining step. In this case, two molecules participate in the rate-determining step, the ester and the OH- ion. Therefore, the molecularity of the reaction is 2.
Conclusion:
Thus, the hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is a second-order reaction with molecularity 2.
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The hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is aa)1st order reaction wi...
Check again answer should be C
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The hydrolysis of ester in alkaline medium is aa)1st order reaction with molecularity 1b)2nd order reaction with molecularity 2c)1st order reaction with molecularity 2d)2nd order reaction with molecularity 1Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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