Total Number of Geometrical Isomers of Tetrachloro Cyclobutane

Tetrachloro Cyclobutane Structure:
Tetrachloro cyclobutane is a cyclic compound consisting of a cyclobutane ring with four chlorine atoms attached to it. The molecular formula of tetrachloro cyclobutane is C4H4Cl4.

Geometrical Isomerism:
Geometrical isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism where the spatial arrangement of atoms or groups around a double bond or in a cyclic structure differs. In tetrachloro cyclobutane, the presence of four chlorine atoms allows for the possibility of geometrical isomerism.

Determining the Total Number of Geometrical Isomers:
To determine the total number of geometrical isomers of tetrachloro cyclobutane, we need to consider the different arrangements of the chlorine atoms around the cyclobutane ring.

1. Identify the Possible Arrangements:
In tetrachloro cyclobutane, each chlorine atom can be either in a cis or trans configuration with respect to its neighboring chlorine atom. Therefore, we can have the following possible arrangements:

- All four chlorine atoms in a cis configuration.
- All four chlorine atoms in a trans configuration.
- Three chlorine atoms in a cis configuration and one chlorine atom in a trans configuration.
- Two chlorine atoms in a cis configuration and two chlorine atoms in a trans configuration.
- One chlorine atom in a cis configuration and three chlorine atoms in a trans configuration.

2. Count the Number of Geometrical Isomers:
By considering the possible arrangements mentioned above, we can count the total number of geometrical isomers as follows:

- All four chlorine atoms in a cis configuration: 1 isomer.
- All four chlorine atoms in a trans configuration: 1 isomer.
- Three chlorine atoms in a cis configuration and one chlorine atom in a trans configuration: 4 isomers (considering different positions of the trans chlorine atom).
- Two chlorine atoms in a cis configuration and two chlorine atoms in a trans configuration: 6 isomers (considering different positions of the trans chlorine atoms).
- One chlorine atom in a cis configuration and three chlorine atoms in a trans configuration: 4 isomers (considering different positions of the cis chlorine atom).

Therefore, the total number of geometrical isomers of tetrachloro cyclobutane is:

1 + 1 + 4 + 6 + 4 = 16 isomers.

Summary:
In summary, tetrachloro cyclobutane can exhibit a total of 16 geometrical isomers based on the different arrangements of the chlorine atoms around the cyclobutane ring. These isomers arise due to the possibility of cis and trans configurations for each chlorine atom.

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