A copper atom consists of a copper nucleus surrounded by 29 electrons....
Calculation of Charge Transfer:
To calculate the charge transfer, we need to determine the number of atoms in each piece of copper and then find out how many electrons are transferred.
Given that Avogadro's number (NA) is 6 x 10^23, and the atomic weight of copper (Cu) is 63.5g/mol, we can calculate the number of copper atoms in 10g of copper using the following formula:
Number of moles of Cu = Mass of Cu / Atomic weight of Cu
Number of moles of Cu = 10g / 63.5g/mol = 0.157 mol
Number of atoms of Cu = Number of moles of Cu x NA
Number of atoms of Cu = 0.157 mol x 6 x 10^23 = 9.42 x 10^22 atoms
Since we transfer one electron for every 1000 atoms, we can calculate the number of electrons transferred:
Number of electrons transferred = Number of atoms of Cu / 1000
Number of electrons transferred = 9.42 x 10^22 / 1000 = 9.42 x 10^19 electrons
Calculation of Coulomb's Force:
The Coulomb's force between two charged objects can be calculated using the formula:
F = (k * q1 * q2) / r2
Where:
F is the Coulomb's force,
k is the Coulomb's constant (k = 9 x 10^9 Nm2/C2),
q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges on the two objects, and
r is the distance between the two objects.
In this case, the charge transferred implies that one piece of copper gains one extra electron, while the other loses one electron. Therefore, the magnitude of the charge on each piece is given by the elementary charge (e) which is 1.6 x 10^-19 C.
Substituting the values into the formula, we can calculate the Coulomb's force:
F = (9 x 10^9 Nm2/C2) * (1.6 x 10^-19 C) * (1.6 x 10^-19 C) / (0.1m)^2
F = (9 x 10^9 Nm2/C2) * (2.56 x 10^-38 C2) / 0.01m2
F = 2.304 x 10^-29 N
Therefore, the Coulomb's force between the two pieces of copper is 2.304 x 10^-29 N when they are 10 cm apart.
Summary:
- The charge transfer involves transferring one electron for every 1000 copper atoms.
- The number of copper atoms in 10g of copper is calculated using Avogadro's number and the atomic weight of copper.
- The number of electrons transferred is determined by dividing the number of atoms by
A copper atom consists of a copper nucleus surrounded by 29 electrons....
A copper atom consists of a copper nucleus surrounded by 29 electrons. The atomic weight of copper is 63.5g/mol. Let us now take two pieces of copper each weighing 10g. Let us transfer one electron from one piece to another for every 1000 atoms in a piece. What will be the coulomb's force between the two pieces after the transfer of electron if they are 10 cm apart?
(e=1.6 x 10^-19 , avagadro's number = 6 X 10^23)
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