Local self government at village level consists of a three tiered structure. This includes the Gram panchayat, the Panchayat Samiti and the Zilla Parishad. The urban areas have their own municipal corporations.

The Gram Panchayat looks after administration and development at village level. It is an elected body with a sarpanch as its head. The members are elected by the Gram Sabha which comprises all adult members of the village.

The Panchayat Samiti is the body at block or taluka level. It is the link between the gram panchayat and district administration.

The Zilla Parishad is the local government body for rural administration at the district level. It is the uppermost layer of the Panchayati Raj system.

The functions of Panchayat bodies are as follows:

Implementing agricultural development

Supplying drinking water

Construction and maintenance of roads

Development of cottage industries and cooperative societies

Running schools in villages

Starting Primary Health Centers

 

Hope this resolves your query.

Measures to Check Casteism in India

Casteism is a social evil that has been prevalent in India for centuries. It is the practice of discriminating people on the basis of their caste. It not only affects an individual's self-esteem and dignity but also hampers the country's growth and development. Therefore, it is essential to take measures to check casteism in India. Here are a few measures that can be implemented:

1. Education
One of the most effective ways to tackle casteism is through education. Education can bring about a change in people's mindset and help them understand the importance of treating everyone equally. Schools and colleges can have courses on social equality and human rights. Such courses can help individuals to understand the negative impact of casteism on society and the economy.

2. Legal measures
Strict laws should be implemented to prevent caste-based discrimination. Legal measures such as the Prevention of Atrocities Act, 1989, and the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2018, provide protection to the marginalized communities. The government should ensure that the laws are implemented effectively and the perpetrators are punished.

3. Awareness campaigns
Awareness campaigns can be organized to educate people about the evils of casteism. The government and NGOs can conduct campaigns to spread awareness about the importance of treating everyone equally. Such campaigns can be held in schools, colleges, and public places.

4. Inter-caste marriages
Inter-caste marriages can help to break the caste barriers and bring about social equality. The government can provide incentives and benefits to promote inter-caste marriages. It can also work towards removing the social stigma attached to such marriages.

Conclusion
Casteism is a deep-rooted problem in India that needs to be tackled effectively. The measures mentioned above can help to bring about a change in people's mindset and promote social equality. It is the responsibility of the government, NGOs, and individuals to work together to eradicate this social evil from the country.