In which of the following gametophyte is not independent free living ? [2015]a)Marchantiab)Pterisc)Pinusd)FunariaCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

In which of the following gametophyte is not independent free living ?              [2015]a)Marchantiab)Pterisc)Pinusd)FunariaCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

Gametophyte is phase of life cycle in which the gametes, i.e. egg and sperm are produced. In bryophytes (Funaria and Marchantia) fertilisation is dependent on water for the transfer of sperm to the egg. The gametophytes are fertilised outside the body. Therefore, they have independent free-living gametophyte.

•In this respects Pteridophyta (Pteris) are similar to bryophytes, i.e. they still have free-living gametophytes. Pinaceae (Pinus) has well developed gametophyte in which sperm cells are fertilised with egg cell within the ovule. Hence, option (c) is correct.

Option (c) is correct because Pinus does not have independent and freely living gametophyte, but is dependent on sporophyte.

Answer

In gymnosperm gametophytes have no independent free living existence...
So here pinus is a gymnosperm
Hence has no independent free living gametophytes..

Answer

Answer:
The correct answer is option C, Pinus. In the case of Pinus, the gametophyte is not an independent, free-living organism like in the other options.

Explanation:
To understand why the gametophyte of Pinus is not independent and free-living, we need to have a basic understanding of the life cycle of Pinus.

Life cycle of Pinus:
1. Pinus is a gymnosperm, which means it has naked seeds.
2. The life cycle of Pinus alternates between a sporophyte generation and a gametophyte generation.
3. The sporophyte generation is the dominant phase and is the familiar pine tree that we see.
4. The sporophyte produces male and female cones.
5. The male cones produce microspores, which develop into pollen grains. Each pollen grain contains a male gametophyte.
6. The female cones contain ovules, which develop into seeds after pollination and fertilization.
7. The female gametophyte is present inside the ovule.

The gametophyte of Pinus:
1. The male gametophyte of Pinus is the pollen grain. It is a small, multicellular structure that contains the male gametes (sperm cells).
2. The female gametophyte is present inside the ovule, which is protected within the female cone. It is not an independent organism.

Why is the gametophyte of Pinus not independent?
1. In the case of Pinus, the gametophyte is not an independent, free-living organism like in the other options (Marchantia, Pteris, and Funaria).
2. The male gametophyte (pollen grain) of Pinus is dispersed by wind and reaches the female cone for fertilization.
3. The female gametophyte is protected inside the ovule and is dependent on the sporophyte for nutrition and protection.
4. The gametophyte of Pinus is not capable of carrying out photosynthesis and obtaining nutrients on its own.

Therefore, the gametophyte of Pinus is not independent and free-living, unlike the gametophytes of Marchantia, Pteris, and Funaria.

Answer

Pinus because it gymnosperms and it have not interdependent free living existence

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