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Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline because
- a)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.
- b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.
- c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-position
- d)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline ...
In acidic medium aniline is protonated to form anilinium ion which is metadirecting.
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Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline ...
Explanation:
Introduction:
The nitration of aniline in a strong acidic medium results in the formation of m-nitroaniline. This can be explained by considering the reaction mechanism and the properties of aniline and the acidic medium.
Reasons:
The correct answer is option 'D' - In acidic (strong) medium, aniline is present as anilinium ion. Here's the detailed explanation:
1. Formation of anilinium ion:
In a strong acidic medium, aniline (C6H5NH2) gets protonated to form anilinium ion (C6H5NH3+). The presence of an acid provides a proton (H+) that can react with the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of aniline. This protonation makes the nitrogen atom more electron-withdrawing.
2. Effect of anilinium ion on electrophilic substitution reactions:
Anilinium ion is a strong electron-withdrawing group due to the positive charge on the nitrogen atom. As a result, it directs the incoming electrophile to the meta position (m-position) in electrophilic substitution reactions. This is known as the meta-directing effect of the amino group.
3. Nitration reaction:
In the nitration reaction, nitronium ion (NO2+) acts as the electrophile. The nitronium ion is generated in situ by the reaction between nitric acid and a strong acid (such as sulfuric acid). The nitronium ion is highly electrophilic and attacks the benzene ring of anilinium ion.
4. Position of nitro group:
Due to the meta-directing effect of the amino group, the nitronium ion is directed to the meta position of the benzene ring, resulting in the formation of m-nitroaniline. The nitro group is attached to the carbon atom in the m-position relative to the amino group.
Therefore, the nitration of aniline in a strong acidic medium gives m-nitroaniline due to the presence of anilinium ion and the meta-directing effect of the amino group. Option 'D' is the correct answer as it explains this phenomenon.
Introduction:
The nitration of aniline in a strong acidic medium results in the formation of m-nitroaniline. This can be explained by considering the reaction mechanism and the properties of aniline and the acidic medium.
Reasons:
The correct answer is option 'D' - In acidic (strong) medium, aniline is present as anilinium ion. Here's the detailed explanation:
1. Formation of anilinium ion:
In a strong acidic medium, aniline (C6H5NH2) gets protonated to form anilinium ion (C6H5NH3+). The presence of an acid provides a proton (H+) that can react with the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of aniline. This protonation makes the nitrogen atom more electron-withdrawing.
2. Effect of anilinium ion on electrophilic substitution reactions:
Anilinium ion is a strong electron-withdrawing group due to the positive charge on the nitrogen atom. As a result, it directs the incoming electrophile to the meta position (m-position) in electrophilic substitution reactions. This is known as the meta-directing effect of the amino group.
3. Nitration reaction:
In the nitration reaction, nitronium ion (NO2+) acts as the electrophile. The nitronium ion is generated in situ by the reaction between nitric acid and a strong acid (such as sulfuric acid). The nitronium ion is highly electrophilic and attacks the benzene ring of anilinium ion.
4. Position of nitro group:
Due to the meta-directing effect of the amino group, the nitronium ion is directed to the meta position of the benzene ring, resulting in the formation of m-nitroaniline. The nitro group is attached to the carbon atom in the m-position relative to the amino group.
Therefore, the nitration of aniline in a strong acidic medium gives m-nitroaniline due to the presence of anilinium ion and the meta-directing effect of the amino group. Option 'D' is the correct answer as it explains this phenomenon.
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Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline becausea)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-positiond)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline becausea)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-positiond)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline becausea)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-positiond)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline becausea)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-positiond)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline becausea)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-positiond)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. Information about Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline becausea)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-positiond)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium alsogives m-nitroaniline becausea)In spite of substituents nitro group always goesto only m-position.b)In electrophilic substitution reactions aminogroup is meta directive.c)In absence of substituents nitro group alwaysgoes to m-positiond)In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present asanilinium ion.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
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