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The Fermi level in a semiconductor bar should
- a)Be constant as a function of distance, under equilibrium
- b)Be constant as a function of distance, under both equilibrium and non-equilibrium
- c)Vary with distance under equilibrium only
- d)Vary with distance under both equilibrium and non-equilibrium
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
The Fermi level in a semiconductor bar shoulda)Be constant as a functi...
Under equilibrium:
- The fermi level across the entire material will be sum and does not vary with distance.
- If there is any disturbance in the material, like junction contact, injection of impurities at any point, the charge carriers redistribute themselves such that the fermi-potential is same in entire material.
Under non-equilibrium:
- The fermi level is uneven with gradient of charge distribution across distance, in material.
- It can be studied using quasi-fermi states, related to charge distribution.
Most Upvoted Answer
The Fermi level in a semiconductor bar shoulda)Be constant as a functi...
Explanation:
Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a 50% probability of finding an electron. In a semiconductor, the Fermi level is important as it determines the electrical and optical properties of the material. It is a function of temperature and doping concentration.
Constant Fermi level under equilibrium:
Under equilibrium, the Fermi level is constant throughout the material. This is because in equilibrium, there is no net flow of charge, and the material is in a state of balance. The number of electrons in the conduction band is equal to the number of holes in the valence band, and the Fermi level is at the mid-point of the energy gap. This is true for both intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
Varying Fermi level under non-equilibrium:
Under non-equilibrium conditions, the Fermi level can vary with distance. Non-equilibrium conditions occur when there is a flow of charge, such as in a forward-biased diode or during the injection of carriers into a semiconductor. In these cases, there is a gradient in the carrier concentrations, and the Fermi level is not constant throughout the material.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the Fermi level in a semiconductor bar should be constant as a function of distance under equilibrium conditions. This is because in equilibrium, there is no net flow of charge, and the material is in a state of balance. Under non-equilibrium conditions, the Fermi level can vary with distance due to the gradient in the carrier concentrations.
Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a 50% probability of finding an electron. In a semiconductor, the Fermi level is important as it determines the electrical and optical properties of the material. It is a function of temperature and doping concentration.
Constant Fermi level under equilibrium:
Under equilibrium, the Fermi level is constant throughout the material. This is because in equilibrium, there is no net flow of charge, and the material is in a state of balance. The number of electrons in the conduction band is equal to the number of holes in the valence band, and the Fermi level is at the mid-point of the energy gap. This is true for both intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
Varying Fermi level under non-equilibrium:
Under non-equilibrium conditions, the Fermi level can vary with distance. Non-equilibrium conditions occur when there is a flow of charge, such as in a forward-biased diode or during the injection of carriers into a semiconductor. In these cases, there is a gradient in the carrier concentrations, and the Fermi level is not constant throughout the material.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the Fermi level in a semiconductor bar should be constant as a function of distance under equilibrium conditions. This is because in equilibrium, there is no net flow of charge, and the material is in a state of balance. Under non-equilibrium conditions, the Fermi level can vary with distance due to the gradient in the carrier concentrations.
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The Fermi level in a semiconductor bar shoulda)Be constant as a function of distance, under equilibriumb)Be constant as a function of distance, under both equilibrium and non-equilibriumc)Vary with distance under equilibrium onlyd)Vary with distance under both equilibrium and non-equilibriumCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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