Understanding Atoms and Moles
To determine how many atoms are in 0.5g of nitrogen, we first need to calculate the number of moles present in that mass. The molar mass of nitrogen (N) is approximately 14 g/mol.
Calculating Moles of Nitrogen
- Moles of nitrogen in 0.5g:
- Moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)
- Moles of N = 0.5g / 14 g/mol = 0.0357 moles
Using Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol), we can find the number of atoms:
- Atoms of nitrogen = 0.0357 moles × 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol ≈ 2.14 x 10^22 atoms
Comparing with Other Elements
Now, let's calculate the number of atoms present in each of the options provided:
1. 12g of Carbon (C):
- Molar mass of C = 12 g/mol
- Moles of C = 12g / 12 g/mol = 1 mole
- Atoms of C = 1 mole × 6.022 x 10^23 = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms
2. 32g of Sulfur (S):
- Molar mass of S = 32 g/mol
- Moles of S = 32g / 32 g/mol = 1 mole
- Atoms of S = 1 mole × 6.022 x 10^23 = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms
3. 8g of Oxygen (O):
- Molar mass of O = 16 g/mol
- Moles of O = 8g / 16 g/mol = 0.5 moles
- Atoms of O = 0.5 moles × 6.022 x 10^23 = 3.011 x 10^23 atoms
4. 24g of Magnesium (Mg):
- Molar mass of Mg = 24 g/mol
- Moles of Mg = 24g / 24 g/mol = 1 mole
- Atoms of Mg = 1 mole × 6.022 x 10^23 = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms
Conclusion
The number of atoms in 0.5g of nitrogen is approximately 2.14 x 10^22, which is significantly less than the atoms in any of the provided options (each having around 6.022 x 10^23 atoms).
Thus, none of the options provided have the same number of atoms as 0.5g of nitrogen.

8 g of oxygen