An organism used as a biofertilizer for raising soyabean crops is[2011]a)Azotobacterb)Azospirillumc)Rhizobiumd)NostocCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

----》》Rhizobium leguminosarum is a symbiotic bacteria found in root nodules of legume. This bacterium has nitrogen fixing nif gene. Soyabean is a legume.

•Thus, Rizobium is used as a biofertiliser for raising soyabean crop.

Answer

Rhizobium bacteria forms symbiotic association with the roots of leguminous plants like soyabean, alfalfa, sweet clover, sweet pea etc and fix atmospheric nitrogen for plants, thus acts as a biofertilizer. So, option c is correct.

Answer

Rhizobium is nitrogen-fixing bacteria for leguminous crops (like soybean& groundnut) in association with the roots of leguminous plants in the form of root nodules.

Answer

Rhizobium bacteria is a type of bacteria which fixes nitrogen for the leguminous plants like soya bean, pea etc. Rhizobium is also used as a bio fertilizers for raising soya bean crops .

Answer

Rhizobium is nitrogen fixings bacteria for leguminous crops ( like soyabean , ground nut ,mung , chickpeas ,all types of beans ,methi, alfalfa) in association with the roots of leguminous plants in the form of roots models

Answer

Correct answer is option.c. Rhizobium

Answer

Organism used as a biofertilizer for raising soybean crops is Rhizobium.

Rhizobium is a type of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that forms a symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants, including soybeans. These bacteria are found in the root nodules of the plants and convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be utilized by the plants. This process is called biological nitrogen fixation.

Importance of nitrogen fixation in soybean crops:

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and is required in large quantities. However, atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is not directly available to plants. It needs to be converted into a usable form, such as ammonia (NH3) or nitrate (NO3-), through nitrogen fixation.

Soybean crops have a high demand for nitrogen, and the availability of nitrogen directly affects their growth and yield. Nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium bacteria provides a sustainable and eco-friendly source of nitrogen for soybeans, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers.

Symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and soybean plants:

1. Infection and nodule formation: Rhizobium bacteria colonize the soil around the roots of soybean plants. They are attracted to the root exudates released by the plants.

2. Invasion of root hairs: The bacteria invade the root hairs of the plants and multiply inside the infection thread formed by the plant cells.

3. Nodule formation: The infection thread grows towards the inner cortex of the root, where it forms a nodule. The nodule provides a protected environment for the bacteria to live and multiply.

4. Nitrogen fixation: Within the nodule, the bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3) through the enzyme nitrogenase. The plant provides the bacteria with carbohydrates and other nutrients in exchange for the fixed nitrogen.

5. Utilization of fixed nitrogen: The plant utilizes the fixed nitrogen for its own growth and development, resulting in increased biomass and yield.

Advantages of using Rhizobium as a biofertilizer:

1. Sustainable source of nitrogen: Rhizobium bacteria provide a natural and renewable source of nitrogen for soybean crops, reducing the dependence on synthetic fertilizers.

2. Cost-effective: The use of Rhizobium as a biofertilizer can significantly reduce the cost of nitrogen fertilization for soybean farmers.

3. Environmental benefits: By reducing the use of synthetic fertilizers, the use of Rhizobium as a biofertilizer helps to minimize the environmental pollution caused by nitrogen runoff into water bodies.

4. Enhanced soil fertility: The presence of Rhizobium bacteria in the soil improves soil fertility and nutrient cycling, benefiting the overall health of the agroecosystem.

In conclusion, Rhizobium is an important biofertilizer for raising soybean crops due to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, providing a sustainable and eco-friendly source of nitrogen for the plants. This symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and soybean plants plays a crucial role in improving crop productivity and reducing the environmental impact of nitrogen fertilization.

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