Foliar roots are those which develop on leaves and are also known as epiphyllous roots. Eg. : Bryophyllum

Foliar roots:
Foliar roots are specialized structures found in certain plants, which serve the purpose of absorbing water and nutrients from the atmosphere. These roots are typically modified leaves that have adapted to perform the function of roots.

Examples of plants with foliar roots:
There are several plants that possess foliar roots. Some of the notable examples include:

1. Sugarcane:
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is a tall perennial grass that belongs to the family Poaceae. It is known for its foliar roots, which emerge from the lower nodes of the stems. The foliar roots of sugarcane help in anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients from the surrounding environment.

2. Cuscuta:
Cuscuta, commonly known as dodder, is a parasitic plant that lacks chlorophyll and relies on other plants for its nutrition. It has thread-like stems that coil around the host plant, and its foliar roots penetrate the host's tissues to extract water and nutrients. This allows Cuscuta to obtain nutrients without the need for photosynthesis.

3. Bryophyllum:
Bryophyllum is a genus of succulent plants belonging to the family Crassulaceae. Some species of Bryophyllum, such as Bryophyllum pinnatum, have foliar roots. These roots arise from the leaf margins and can develop into new plants when detached from the parent plant. They serve as a means of vegetative propagation for Bryophyllum.

4. Pothos:
Pothos (Epipremnum aureum) is a popular houseplant known for its trailing vines and heart-shaped leaves. It possesses foliar roots along the stems, which help in absorbing moisture from the air. These roots also have the ability to attach to surfaces, allowing the plant to climb and grow vertically.

Functions of foliar roots:
- Absorption of water and nutrients: Foliar roots enable plants to absorb water and essential nutrients from the environment, particularly from the atmosphere.
- Anchorage: In plants like sugarcane and pothos, foliar roots help anchor the plant to the ground, providing stability and support.
- Vegetative propagation: Some plants, such as Bryophyllum, utilize their foliar roots for vegetative propagation. The roots can develop into new plants when detached and provided with suitable growing conditions.

In conclusion, foliar roots are found in various plants, including sugarcane, cuscuta, bryophyllum, and pothos. These specialized structures play crucial roles in water and nutrient absorption, anchorage, and vegetative propagation.