In an experiment the equilibrium constant for the reaction A B - C ...
Explanation:
To determine the value of the equilibrium constant when the initial concentration of A and B are 2 and 3 mol/L respectively, we can use the concept of stoichiometry and the relationship between concentrations and the equilibrium constant.
The balanced equation for the given reaction is:
A + B ⟶ C + D
Step 1: Determining the Equilibrium Concentrations
In the first experiment, the initial concentration of A and B is 0.1 mol/L each. Let's assume that at equilibrium, the concentration of A and B both become x mol/L. Therefore, the concentrations of C and D will also be x mol/L.
In the second experiment, the initial concentration of A and B is 2 and 3 mol/L respectively. Let's assume that at equilibrium, the concentration of A becomes y mol/L and the concentration of B becomes z mol/L. Therefore, the concentrations of C and D will also be y and z mol/L respectively.
Step 2: Writing the Equilibrium Expression
The equilibrium expression for the given reaction is:
K = [C] * [D] / [A] * [B]
In both experiments, the equilibrium constant (K) remains the same.
Step 3: Applying the Law of Mass Action
Using the equilibrium concentrations determined in step 1, we can substitute these values into the equilibrium expression.
For the first experiment, where the equilibrium concentrations are x mol/L for A, B, C, and D:
K = [x] * [x] / [0.1] * [0.1]
For the second experiment, where the equilibrium concentrations are y mol/L for A and z mol/L for B:
K = [y] * [z] / [2] * [3]
Since the equilibrium constant (K) remains the same in both experiments, we can equate the two expressions:
[x] * [x] / [0.1] * [0.1] = [y] * [z] / [2] * [3]
Simplifying the equation, we get:
[x]^2 = [y] * [z] * 0.1 * 0.1 / 2 * 3
Step 4: Relationship Between Initial Concentrations and Equilibrium Concentrations
We know that the initial concentration of A and B in the first experiment is 0.1 mol/L each, and in the second experiment, it is 2 and 3 mol/L respectively. Therefore, we can relate the equilibrium concentrations (x, y, and z) to the initial concentrations using the concept of stoichiometry.
Since the molar ratio between A, B, C, and D is 1:1:1:1, the equilibrium concentration of A in the first experiment can be written as:
x = 0.1 - y - z
Similarly, the equilibrium concentration of A in the second experiment can be written as:
x = 2 - y - z
Step 5: Solving for the Equilibrium Constant
By substituting the expressions for x in both experiments into the equation obtained