Highly Specialised Peroxisome

Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells. They play a crucial role in various metabolic processes, including fatty acid oxidation, amino acid metabolism, and detoxification of harmful substances. Peroxisomes contain various enzymes that are involved in these metabolic processes. Some peroxisomes are highly specialised and perform specific functions in the cell.

Functions of Highly Specialised Peroxisomes

Highly specialised peroxisomes are found in different cell types and perform specific functions in those cells. Some of the functions of highly specialised peroxisomes are:

1. Glyoxysomes: Glyoxysomes are highly specialised peroxisomes found in plant cells. They are involved in the conversion of stored lipids into carbohydrates, which are used as an energy source during germination.

2. Woronin bodies: Woronin bodies are specialised peroxisomes found in filamentous fungi. They are involved in the sealing of septal pores in response to damage, preventing cytoplasmic leakage between compartments.

3. D-bifunctional protein deficiency: D-bifunctional protein deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects peroxisome function. In this disorder, highly specialised peroxisomes are unable to perform their normal functions, leading to a buildup of toxic substances in the body.

4. Zellweger syndrome: Zellweger syndrome is another rare genetic disorder that affects peroxisome function. In this disorder, highly specialised peroxisomes are absent or non-functional, leading to severe developmental abnormalities and neurological symptoms.

Conclusion

In conclusion, highly specialised peroxisomes perform specific functions in different cell types. These organelles play a crucial role in various metabolic processes and are essential for normal cellular function. The malfunction of highly specialised peroxisomes can lead to severe genetic disorders, highlighting their importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Glyoxysomes are called highly specialised peroxisomes. they are present only in plant cells in the fatty seeds and they are responsible for the conversion of fats into carbohydrates by the process called gloxylate acid cycle.