Phylogenetic system of classification is based on evolutionary relationships.

Evolutionary relationships refer to the ancestral connections between different organisms. The phylogenetic system of classification is a method of categorizing organisms based on their evolutionary history and relationships. It aims to arrange organisms into groups that reflect their common ancestry and evolutionary divergence.

Explanation:

The phylogenetic system of classification is in contrast to other systems of classification that are based solely on morphological features, chemical constituents, or floral characters. While these characteristics can provide valuable information about an organism, they may not always accurately reflect its evolutionary relationships.

Evolutionary relationships:

The evolutionary relationships between organisms are determined by studying their genetic material, such as DNA or RNA sequences. By comparing these sequences, scientists can identify similarities and differences between species and determine their degree of relatedness. This information is used to construct phylogenetic trees or cladograms, which depict the evolutionary history of organisms.

Phylogenetic trees:

Phylogenetic trees show the branching patterns of evolution, with the common ancestor at the base and the different species or groups of organisms branching out from it. The length of the branches represents the amount of evolutionary change that has occurred over time. Organisms that share a recent common ancestor will have shorter branches, indicating a closer evolutionary relationship.

Advantages of phylogenetic system:

The phylogenetic system of classification has several advantages over other systems:

1. It provides a more accurate representation of evolutionary relationships between organisms.
2. It allows for the identification of common ancestors and the study of evolutionary patterns.
3. It helps in understanding the process of speciation and the diversification of life on Earth.
4. It provides a framework for studying the evolutionary history of organisms and predicting their future evolutionary trajectories.

Conclusion:

The phylogenetic system of classification is based on the evolutionary relationships between organisms. It provides a more comprehensive understanding of the diversity of life on Earth and allows scientists to study the evolutionary history of organisms. By incorporating genetic information and considering common ancestry, this system provides a more accurate representation of the relationships between different species.