Introduction:
The national income of India is a crucial economic indicator that reflects the total value of all goods and services produced within the country's borders in a given period. It is an important measure of the overall economic activity and standard of living in the country. To accurately compile and calculate the national income, the responsibility falls on a specific organization. In the case of India, it is the Central Statistical Organization (CSO) that takes charge of this task.

Explanation:
The Central Statistical Organization (CSO) is a part of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation of the Government of India. It is the primary agency responsible for compiling and publishing national income statistics in the country. The CSO's main objective is to provide reliable and accurate data to policymakers, researchers, and the public to facilitate informed decision-making and analysis.

Role of the Central Statistical Organization (CSO):
The CSO plays a crucial role in compiling the national income of India. Here are some key functions performed by the CSO:

1. Data Collection: The CSO collects data from various sources, including government departments, public sector enterprises, private companies, and surveys conducted across the country. These data sources provide information on various economic activities such as agriculture, manufacturing, services, and investments.

2. Data Processing: Once the data is collected, the CSO processes and organizes it to calculate the national income. This involves analyzing the data, applying appropriate methodologies, and ensuring consistency and accuracy in the calculations.

3. Methodology Development: The CSO develops and updates the methodologies used for estimating national income. This includes adopting international standards and best practices to ensure comparability of data with other countries.

4. Publication of Reports: The CSO publishes reports and statistical publications that present the national income estimates and related economic indicators. These reports provide valuable insights into the country's economic performance, trends, and growth rates.

5. Collaboration with Other Agencies: The CSO collaborates with other organizations such as the Reserve Bank of India, Ministry of Finance, and international agencies like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund to improve data quality, harmonize methodologies, and enhance data sharing.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the national income of India is compiled by the Central Statistical Organization (CSO). The CSO plays a vital role in collecting, processing, and analyzing data from various sources to estimate the national income accurately. Its work is crucial for policymakers, researchers, and the public to understand the country's economic performance and make informed decisions.