Calculation of molar concentration of H ion

Given:
Initial concentration of H2SO4 solution = 0.1 M
Volume of H2SO4 solution = 200 ml
Volume of water added = 300 ml

Step 1: Calculate the total volume
Total volume = Volume of H2SO4 solution + Volume of water added
Total volume = 200 ml + 300 ml
Total volume = 500 ml

Step 2: Calculate the moles of H2SO4
Moles of H2SO4 = Molarity × Volume in litres
Volume in litres = Volume in ml/1000
Moles of H2SO4 = 0.1 × (200/1000)
Moles of H2SO4 = 0.02 moles

Step 3: Calculate the moles of H ions
H2SO4 → 2H+ + SO42-
Moles of H ions = 2 × Moles of H2SO4
Moles of H ions = 2 × 0.02
Moles of H ions = 0.04 moles

Step 4: Calculate the molar concentration of H ions
Molarity of H ions = Moles of H ions/Total volume in litres
Total volume in litres = Total volume in ml/1000
Molarity of H ions = 0.04/(500/1000)
Molarity of H ions = 0.08 M

Therefore, the molar concentration of H ions in the final solution is 0.08 M.

Explanation:
When water is added to a solution, the concentration of the solute decreases. In this case, when water is added to the H2SO4 solution, the concentration of H ions decreases. The total volume of the final solution is the sum of the volumes of H2SO4 solution and water. The moles of H2SO4 are calculated using the initial concentration and volume. The moles of H ions are calculated by using the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of H2SO4. Finally, the molar concentration of H ions is calculated by dividing the moles of H ions by the total volume of the final solution.