necessary and sufficient condition for optical activity of an compound is1)it has asymmetrical carbon atoms2)it is not identical with its mirror image

Question

necessary and sufficient  condition for optical activity of an compound is1)it has asymmetrical carbon atoms2)it is not identical with its mirror image

Answer

condition for optical activity:(1) molecule should be a chiral molecule( chiral carbon: asymmetrical )now if only one chiral carbon is present in the compound then that compound is always chiral molecules.(2) if more than one chiral carbon is present in molecule , then that molecule may be chiral or achiral.now u have to check if plane of symmetry is present then molecule is achiral( symmetrical).if no plane of symmetry present then molecule is chiral( asymmetrical) .plane of symmetry: it is that imaginary plane which divide the molecule into 2 same parts. here is no any concept of mirror image. its about plane of symmetry.

Answer

Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Optical Activity of a Compound

Optical activity is a property of a substance that rotates the plane of polarized light. This property is important in various fields such as chemistry, biology, and pharmaceuticals. The necessary and sufficient conditions for optical activity of a compound are:

1. It has asymmetrical carbon atoms

Asymmetrical carbon atoms are atoms that are attached to four different groups. This leads to non-superimposable mirror images, which are also known as enantiomers. Enantiomers have the same physical and chemical properties except for their interaction with polarized light. This is because they have different configurations of the molecule, which causes them to rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite directions.

2. It is not identical with its mirror image

If a molecule is identical to its mirror image, it is said to be achiral. Achiral molecules do not exhibit optical activity because they have a plane of symmetry that cancels out any rotation of polarized light. In contrast, chiral molecules do not have a plane of symmetry and can rotate polarized light.

Conclusion

Therefore, the necessary and sufficient conditions for optical activity of a compound are having asymmetrical carbon atoms and not being identical to its mirror image. These conditions are important in determining the optical activity of a substance and have significant implications in various fields such as drug design and synthesis.

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